~ November 1991 INTERNET MONTHLY REPORTS ------------------------ The purpose of these reports is to communicate to the Internet Research Group the accomplishments, milestones reached, or problems discovered by the participating organizations. This report is for Internet information purposes only, and is not to be quoted in other publications without permission from the submitter. Each organization is expected to submit a 1/2 page report on the first business day of the month describing the previous month's activities. These reports should be submitted via network mail to: Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) NSF Regional reports - Corinne Carroll (ccarroll@NNSC.NSF.NET) Directory Services reports - Tom Tignor (TPT2@ISI.EDU) requests to be added or deleted from the Internet Monthly report list should be sent to "cooper@isi.edu". Back issues of the Internet Monthly Report can be copied via FTP: FTP> nis.nsf.net Login: anonymous guest ftp> cd imr ls get IMRYY-MM.TXT For example, JUNE 1991 is in the file IMR91-06.TXT. Cooper [Page 1] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTERNET ACTIVITIES BOARD IAB MESSAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 INTERNET RESEARCH REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 AUTONOMOUS NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 END-TO-END SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 5 Internet Projects BARRNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 29 BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN, INC., . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 29 CONCERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 31 CSUNET (CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NETWORK). . . . . . . page 32 FARNET (FEDERATION OF AMERICAN RESEARCH NETWORKS) . . . . page 32 GAO (GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING OFFICE). . . . . . . . . . . . page 33 ISI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 34 JVNCNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 36 LOS NETTOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 38 MERIT/MICHNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 38 NEARNET (NEW ENGLAND ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH NETWORK) . . . page 39 NNSC, UCAR/BOLT BERANEK and NEWMAN, INC., . . . . . . . . page 40 NSFNET/ANSNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING. . . . . . . . . . . . page 40 NSFNET/INFORMATION SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 43 PITTSBURGH SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 44 PREPnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 45 SAIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 46 SAN DIEGO SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 47 SRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 48 SURANET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 49 UCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 49 UDEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 50 WISCNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 50 DIRECTORY SERVICES ACTIVITIES DIRECTORY SERVICES MESSAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 52 IETF OSIDS & DISI WORKING GROUPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . page 52 FOX - FIELD OPERATIONAL X.500 PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . page 53 ISI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 53 PSI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 53 SRI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 54 PARADISE PROJECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 55 PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 57 Cooper [Page 2] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 57 REGISTRATION AUTHORITY COMMITTEE (ANSI USA RAC) . . . . . page 58 SG-D MHS-MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 63 CALENDAR OF EVENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 64 Cooper [Page 3] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 IAB MESSAGE CHANGE OF IAB CHAIR The chairman of the IAB is selected by and from the IAB membership, to serve a term of two years. Vint Cerf's term ended in June 1991, and at that time the IAB selected Lyman Chapin as the next IAB chair. Unfortunately, Lyman was unable to begin serving immediately due to existing time committments, and Cerf consented to continue as acting chair. At the IAB meeting in Sante Fe, Vint Cerf announced that he will retire from the IAB in January 1992, to devote full time to launching the Internet Society. At that time, Lyman Chapin will take up the duties of IAB chair. STANDARDS ACTIONS: The IAB has accepted the IESG recommendation to make "U.S. Department of Defense Security Options for the Internet Protocol" (IPSO, Internet Draft ) a Proposed Standard. It will be RFC-1108. Bob Braden (Braden@ISI.EDU) INTERNET RESEARCH REPORTS ------------------------- AUTONOMOUS NETWORKS ------------------- No Internet progress to report this month. Deborah Estrin (Estrin@USC.EDU) END-TO-END SERVICES ------------------- No Internet progress to report this month. Bob Braden (Braden@ISI.EDU) Cooper [Page 4] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS ---------------------------- November 1991 IETF Report Reported by Phill Gross, IETF Chair 1. Santa Fe IETF meeting (November 18-22, 1991) The IETF met in Santa Fe on November 18-22 1991. The meeting was hosted by Los Alamos National Laboratory. Many thanks are due to Dale Land, John Morrison, C. Phil Wood, Peter Ford, and many others at LANL for the amazing amount of work that went into hosting this meeting. The facilities were outstanding and the location was beautiful. Numerous folks mentioned to me that this was a very productive IETF meeting. I think we can thank LANL (and perhaps, the clear mountain air? :-) for helping to make this such a productive meeting. The meeting was attended by approximately 350 people. It was quite productive with 46 working groups and 11 BOFs meeting in over 80 separate sessions. Three IETF Area "advisory groups met -- the Security Area Advisory Group (SAAG), the Operational Requirements Area Directorate (ORAD), and the User Services Area Council (USAC). We are very pleased that FARNET chose to meet in Santa Fe during the same week, so that there was quite a bit of interaction between IETF and FARNET interests during the week. In particular, the ORAD met jointly with FARNET, and had a very productive session pursuing FARNET's topic for the week -- "Hardening the Mid-level Networks". The IAB also took this opportunity to meet in Santa Fe. It was quite helpful to have IAB members in attendance at IETF, and this helped increase the communication and positive interaction between the IAB, the IESG, and the IETF. I feel that the IETF benefits greatly from the direct participation of IAB members in the various WG activities. I hope we will continue to see this close interworking between the IAB and IETF. There were 14 technical presentations during the week. As it turns out, there was an increased interest in ATM at this meeting, with 3 separate presentations on the basic technical details of ATM and an interesting approach to using ATM in local area networks. There was also a BOF on "IP over ATM", which will become a working group at the next meeting. There was an important focus on routing at this IETF. Martha Steenstrup (BBN) presented a status report on Inter-Domain Policy Routing (IDPR), and how IDPR might interwork with BGP (or other Cooper [Page 5] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 inter-domain routing protocols). Deborah Estrin (USC) presented a proposal, co-authored with Yakov Rekhter (IBM) for a "unified" inter-domain routing protocol. Noel Chiappa ran a BOF on his proposal for a new routing and addressing architecture. Noel's BOF was based on his presentation at the July IETF meeting in Atlanta, and will likely evolve into a working group effort. The BGP WG had several very important sessions. During one BGP WG session, Jessica Yu (MERIT) introduced a new WG effort (under the Operational Requirements Area) to concentrate on the operational deployment of BGP. In another BGP WG session, Phill Gross (ANS) led a discussion on introducing address masks into BGP, including the notion of "supernet masks" to condense information in routing tables. The discussion soon expanded to encompass the related problem of IP address depletion. As a result, the assembled group, along with the IAB and IESG, organized the "Routing and Addressing (ROAD) Working Group. The goal of the WG will be to propose methods to deal with the related problems of routing table scaling and IP address depletion. The ROAD WG will hold its first meeting at the March IETF meeting in San Diego (March 16-20, 1991). The IETF effort dovetailed very nicely with the results of the IAB/IESG Architecture Retreat in June (reported at the July IETF meeting), which recommended (in part) that an IETF WG be formed to pursue this crucial matter. In an attempt to help focus the activities of this important group several members of the IAB retreat have joined some participants from the BGP WG session to set the agenda for the ROAD WG in March, and explore some of the various alternatives. Area Reports from activities at the Santa Fe IETF are included below. 2. IESG and IAB Reporting of Internet Standardization The procedures for reporting and track Internet standardization activities have grown in an ad hoc fashion over the last several years as the IETF standardization activiities have expanded. In Santa Fe, the IAB and IESG wrote down the following sequence of procedures for reporting Internet standarization actions to the IETF and the wider Internet community. Comments on this procedure. Cooper [Page 6] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Procedure for Reporting/Tracking Internet Standards Actions 1. Announce WG Progress I-D announcements To: IETF 2. Announce WG Completion (ie, "Last Call")* From: IESG To: IETF, IAB 3. Announce IESG Recommendation From: IESG To: IAB cc: IETF 4. Announce IAB Outcome From: IAB To: IETF, IESG 5. RFC Published RFC List Essentially the same procedure is followed for standards actions at any of the three levels of Internet stanardization -- Proposed, Draft, Internet Standard. Note that the second step ("last call") is new. It was added to assure that interested parties will have additional notification and time to make comments on upcoming standards actions. 3. Upcoming IETF Meetings The next IETF meeting will be hosted by San Diego Supercomputer Center on March 16-20, 1992. Paul Love and Hans-Werner Braun will act as local hosts. Reservation material will be sent to the IETF mailing list in January 1992. Note that this is the same week of the America's Cup, so San Diego will be VERY crowded. Please try to make your reservations as early as possible. We are now working very hard to schedule IETF meetings further into future. Our goal is to schedule meetings at least one year in advance. Please note that we are now planning to hold our first IETF meeting outside North America in Fall 1993 in Europe. This is a natural step, with the Internet Society beginning operation in 1992, and with the IETF finding itself increasing involved in international issues. More information on this important development will be made available as the plans become firm. Cooper [Page 7] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 4. IETF Report in the Internet Society Quarterly Newsletter The Internet Society will be publishing a newsletter on a quarterly basis. Activities in the IETF will be reported regularly in this newsletter. The IETF submission for the first ISOC newsletter is included below. Since this is the first ISOC newsletter, I have included a great deal of introductory material, with which many readers of this list may already be familiar. However, since we continue to see many new participants in the IETF, it may be useful to repeat that introdcutory material in the IMR, too. See section 8. below for the IETF submission to the ISOC newsletter. 5. IETF Area Reports from the Santa Fe meeting USER SERVICES AREA REPORT ------------------------- Reported by: Joyce K. Reynolds Eight Working Groups met at the IETF in Santa Fe: Directory Information Services (pilot) Infrastructure Working Group (DISI), Chaired by Christopher Weider. DISI is a working group that provides a forum to define user requirements in X.500. It is an offshoot of the OSI Directory Services group and is a combined effort of the User Services Area and the OSI Integration Area of the IETF. Paper 1, "Executive Summary" (Weider, Reynolds, Heker). Defines issues DISI should be working on. This current draft has been revised twice since the Atlanta IETF. It is ready for Internet-Draft submission, and on to FYI RFC publication. Paper 2, "Survey" (Lang, Wright). This document will undergo one last modification before publication. Additional DUAs were added that were inadvertently left out, as well as additional submissions. This document will be reissued as an Internet-Draft, then submitted to the RFC Editor for FYI RFC publication. Cooper [Page 8] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Internet Anonymous FTP Archives (IAFA) Chaired by Peter Deutsch and Alan Emtage This is a new working group which met for the first time in Santa Fe. The Internet Anonymous FTP Archives working group is chartered to define a set of recommended standard procedures for the access and administration of anonymous FTP archive sites on the Internet. IAFA attendees agreed on the charter. Discussion then focused on two documents this group intends to produce: "Anonymous FTP Site Administrator's Guide" "Anonymous FTP User's Guide" The contents of these two documents were discussed, as well as a discussion on new technology issues. Newer technology issues were tabled for further discussion at a later date. John Curran (BBN), Ellen Hoffman (Merit), and April Marine (SRI) volunteered to work on the "Anonymous FTP User's Guide" document. Internet School Networking (ISN) Chaired by: John Clement, Art St. George, and Connie Stout This is a new working group which met for the first time in Santa Fe. The Internet School Networking working group is chartered to facilitate the connection of the United States' K-12 (Kindergarten-12th Grade) schools, public and private, to the Internet, and school networking in general. ISN's session gathered educators and Internet folks together. This meeting primarily focused on going over and refining the charter, the goals and projected milestones. Cooper [Page 9] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Network Information Services Infrastructure Working Group (NISI), Chaired by April Marine and Patricia Smith Dana Sitzler has resigned as co-chair of NISI. April Marine has accepted the co-chair position. Patricia Smith will remain as co-chair. The final review of this group's Internet-Draft, "Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure" was discussed. Inclusion of a security "verification" section in the document has been placed and agreed upon. Continued discussion on where this group should go from here - there was justification of additional action items/tasks that fall in NISI's realm. NOC-Tool Catalogue Revisions Working Group (Noctool2) Chaired by Robert Enger and Darren Kinley Gary Malkin has resigned as co-chair of NOCTOOL2 to work with Tracy LaQuey Parker on the User-Glossary document. Darren Kinley has accepted the co-chair position. Robert Enger will remain as co-chair. The "Son of NOCTools" working group are updating and revising their catalog to assist network managers in the selection and acquisition of diagnostic and analytic tools for TCP/IP Internets. This group has "one last call" out for submissions, and is continuing to accept additional "vendor gathering" for one more month. The document will be submitted as an Internet-Draft, then on to the RFC Editor for FYI RFC publication. User Documentation (UserDoc) Chaired by Ellen Hoffman and Lenore Jackson The User-Doc working group will be preparing a revised bibliography of on-line and hard copy documents, reference materials, and training tools addressing general networking information and how to use the Internet. The target audience includes those individuals who provide services to end users and end users themselves. (See the USWG minutes below for further information on Cooper [Page 10] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 this group's current progress.) User Glossary (UserGloss) Chaired by Gary Malkin and Tracy LaQuey Parker Karen Roubicek has resigned as co-chair of UserGloss. Gary Malkin has accepted the co-chair position. Tracy LaQuey Parker will remain as co-chair. The User-Gloss working group met and decided on the document format and updated goals and milestones. A draft document will be ready for review at the next IETF in San Diego. A review and final draft will be presented at the IETF in Boston. The final document will be published shortly after the Boston IETF. User Services Working Group (USWG) Chaired by Joyce K. Reynolds The User Services working group provides a regular forum for people interested in all user services to identify and initiate projects designed to improve the quality of information available to end-users of the Internet. Agenda items included: Report on the RARE WG3 meetings held in Zurich, Switzerland. Reported by Joyce K. Reynolds. SIGUCCS draft - Presented by Martyne Hallgren. Written by ACM Siguccs Networking Taskforce. Document title - "Connecting to the Internet - what connecting institutions should anticipate", Revision of User-Doc WG - Presented by Lenore Jackson & Ellen Hoffman, User-Doc Co-chairs. Discussion focused on the revision of its charter, objectives, future goals, and establishing procedures on updating the bibliography. QUAIL - presented by Gary Malkin. Gary Malkin and April Marine held a brief discussion with the USWG on the updating of the "Questions and Answers for New Internet Users". Cooper [Page 11] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 OPERATIONS AREA REPORT ---------------------- Susan Estrada and Bernhard Stockman During this IETF five working groups meet. There were three BOF's on operations related subjects. The Operational Requirements Area Directorate (ORAD) meet together with FARnet which met in Santa Fe at the beginning of this IETF week. 1. User Connectivity Working Group The User Connectivity Working Group met twice this week, in the true tradition of operators being over committed to these things, and actually came up with some really good outputs. They decided how to do a NOC phone book, standardized network status reports and standardized total ticket handoff, which is the mechanized procedure. There should be some implementations happening in the next six months, and that will actually make our lives a lot simpler. If you're interested in getting on the mailing list, send a request to ucp-request@nic.near.net 2. Network Joint Management Working Group. Network Joint Management met once this week. Following the FARNET theme of "Hardening the Mid-level Networks", the group discussed 50 simple things you can do to help the internet be hard. The operators were encouraged to subscribe to nwg@merrit.edu, which is going to be the open discussion list for what's going on in the networking community. 3. Network Status Reports. Around 30 people attended this session. Network status reports were given from - ESnet (Tony Haines) - NSI (Milo Medin) - MILNET (Katherin Huber) - EBONE-92 (Bernhard Stockman) Phill Gross has been organizing the network status report sessions for some time. However, at this meeting, Phill turned the organization of this group over to Gene Hastings. The choice of Gene as the new chair was an indication of the similar subjects covered by the Network Status Report sessions and the Network Joint Management WG, also chaired by Cooper [Page 12] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Gene. It is hoped that both NJM and NSR will benefit from this new close coordination. 4. Router Requirements Checklist BOF. The idea behind a router requirements checklist is to take that router requirements document an turn into something that may be used as guidance for purcahsing router equipment. Theg group decided that this was a useful thing to do. A strawman checklist will be constructed real soon. A mailing list is already set up and if you are interested to subscribe send a request to rcl@cerf.net. It's not clear that this work will be done within an IETF working group. The ideas is rather to bash this out, and just get it issued as an informational RFC, without having to form a working group. 5. Quality of Service Measurements BOF This BOF only concerned quality of service measurements for wide area networks. Basically the idea here is that as regionals, or as networks, there is no need to find measurement criteria available. The base line is to find the right questions to ask and that is a good way to start. A working group will be formed and a mailing list set up for discussing this subject. 6. Benchmarking and Methodology Working Group. The Benchmarking folks met this week. They word-smithed the benchmaring document. They're going to have one more video meeting in January, and a draft document will be available by the next IETF. 7. The Operations Requirments Area Directorate (ORAD) session. The ORAD session was chaired by Susan Estrada, Phill Gross and Bernhard Stockman. Around 50 people attended. The meeting was a joint session between ORAD and FARnet people. Presentation of the Intercontinental Engineering and Planning Group (IEPG). Geoff Huston, co-chair of IEPG, gave an overview of the current IEPG work. The IEPG meet in Santa Fe the week before IETF. Major topics of interest for the IEPG group were - Interactions bewteen network regions. - Protocol infrastrucuture. - Multi-lingual applications. Cooper [Page 13] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 - Network minimal service levels. - Global traffic flows. - Information services. There is the need of define operation tools to the vendors. For example there is a need to make the SNMP displays used today a little more meaningful and a lot more helpful to use in the long run. A working group will be initated, probably at the next IETF, that will define recommendations for the operational folks to give to vendors, to help them design better interfaces. 8. Operational Statistics WG. OPSTAT meet during two session with around 30 participants chaired by Bernhard Stockman. The main topic was a simplified version of earlier documents descriping the gathering, storage and presentation of statistical data. The major time was spend on discussing the storage format and polling periods. Prior to this there have been a discussion on 5 - 15 minutes polling periods. It was concluded that one single polling period could not be recommened. The polling period has to be dependant on the type of polling being performed so the meeting defined a set of polling periods for different situations. The intention is to have the simplified version ready for ID during Decemeber 1991. 9. BGP Deployment and Applications BOF. A BOF on BGP usage with around 30 participants, chaired by Jessica Yu. The reason for this was to investigate the need and interest of forming an IEtF WG around this concept. Topics that were treated: - The need for an IETF WG to facilitate for interoper- ability test and to act as a forum for knowledge transfer. - A reveiw of today BGP impelementation and usage. - Presenation by CISCO on current implemenations and future plans - Discussion around the NSFnet T3 and T1 BGP implementations. - A review of midlevel networks currently using BGP. Cooper [Page 14] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 APPLICATIONS AREA ----------------- Director: Russ Hobby/UC Davis Overview The Applications Area of the IETF is moving to bring multimedia capabilities to the Internet. One Working Group in particular, The Internet Message Format Extensions WG, has made great strides in this direction. This WG is finishing the specifications to allow email to have multiple parts to the message where each part may be text, image, audio, video or other types of information to be presented to the end user. The Network News Transport Protocol WG is working closely with the new message format to bring these capabilities to the network news world. The Teleconferencing BOF explored the idea of desktop video conferencing. The general goal of the area is to define the protocols to create an interoperable multimedia distributed computing environment for the Internet. Working Groups Summary Internet Message Format Extensions WG The WG is finishing the document on multi-part mail messages that will replace RFC 822. The WG plans to submit the document as a Proposed Standard in early January. This will complete the work of the WG. Internet Mail Extensions The WG has a new chair, John Klensin. The WG had to decide if progress could be made towards a method to allow eight bit characters in SMTP. The group decided to define a means for negotiating the transport of eight bit characters. It was thought that the method could also be useful for negotiation of other items, such as allowed message size. Network News Transport Protocol This WG did not meet in Santa Fe, but has been making good progress on the mail list and has a document about ready to be issued as an Internet Draft. Cooper [Page 15] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Automated Internet Mailing List Services Unfortunately the chair of this WG, David Lippke, had to resign due to a reassignment of work duties. The WG will be on hold until a new chair is found. Network FAX The WG finished work on the image format to be used for transporting FAX on the Internet. The Document will be available as an Internet Draft soon. Network Database The WG continued work on the definition of SQL transactions over TCP/IP networks. The group is small and there needs to be involvement from other SQL implementers. TELNET The TELNET WG made further progress on authentication and encryption for TELNET sessions. It was decided that authentication and encryption need to be closely tied together in operation. Teleconferencing BOF At this BOF several individuals presented work being done on teleconferencing over the Internet. After the presentations there was discussion on how the problem can be broken in work that can be done by various Working Groups. One WG was created to define methods for realtime transport of audio and video. INTERNET AREA ------------- Noel Chiappa Philip Almquist Four Internet Area working groups met in Santa Fe. The Internet Area also hosted two birds-of-a-feather sessions. The Apple-IP Working Group revised their AURP (IP over Appletalk) and MacIP (Appletalk over IP) drafts. The group expects that both of these documents are now finished, but will allow a final comment period before submitting them for standardization. SNMP over Cooper [Page 16] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Appletalk is ready to be submitted for standardization. Work continues on Appletalk over PPP. Appletalk MIB enhancements are on hold pending further implementation experience. The Multi-Media Bridge Working Group has been working on a replacement for RFC1042 (IP over 802). This work is intended to better handle the peculiarities of 802.5 yet remain backwards- compatible with RFC1042. The group also continues to consider the problems of bridging dissimilar networks. The Router Requirements Working Group revised and approved a Forwarding Table MIB document and made some minor revisions to the Router Requirements draft. The group's chair gave a plenary presentation on the Router Requirements draft in anticipation of its immanent completion. The group held a joint session with the IDPR Working Group to ensure that the output of the two groups will be consistent. For similar reasons, some members of the group attended the BGP Working Group's discussions of route leaking between OSPF and BGP. The PPP Working Group decided, based on implementation experience, that some changes to the protocol were needed. In particular, they revised the definitions of the Link Quality Monitoring and IP Address Negotiation facilities. The group also did some work on their PPP Authentication draft. A BOF chaired by Bob Hinden met to determine whether sufficient interest in ATM networks existed to justify the formation of an IP over ATM working group. The answer seemed to be a resounding yes. Another BOF, chaired by Andy Nicholson, met to discuss experiments at Cray Research in "Dynamic Creation of Network Links" (basically, using switched T3 services to add Internet paths on demand). This BOF has met before, and will probably become a working group. NETWORK MANAGEMENT AREA ----------------------- J. Davin At the Santa Fe meeting of the IETF, six working groups of the Network Management Area held one or more sessions throughout the week. Also, two Birds of a Feather sessions were held. The SNMP Network Management Directorate reviewed six MIB specifications that had been recently reported out of working groups. Three of these were products of the Character MIB Working Cooper [Page 17] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Group: the MIB for character stream devices, the MIB for parallel- printer-like hardware devices, the MIB for RS232-like devices. Also reviewed were the IP Forwarding MIB produced by the Router Requirements WG, the Frame Relay MIB produced by the IPLPDN Working Group, and the SMDS Interface Protocol MIB produced by the SNMP Working Group. The IESG announced its intention to consider these MIBs as candidates for Proposed Standard status after final text is available in the Internet Drafts repository.. In addition, the directorate discussed the problem of representing elaborate protocol stacks using the abstractions provided by the "interfaces" group of MIB 2. The directorate discussion was premised on the notion that is implicit in MIB 2 that an "interface" object is only used to represent protocol entities below the internetwork (e.g., IP) layer. The problem addressed has arisen in any number of Working Group discussions: although the interfaces group in MIB 2 is a convenient abstraction for managers, it doesn't support specific transmission media or elaborate protocol stacks that may involve both downward and upward multiplexing. The directorate discussion came to three conclusions: -- Every entry in a media-specific MIB table is paired one-to-one with a single entry in the interfaces table of MIB 2. The media- specific entry can be reached from the generic interfaces table entry by using information in the ifType object together with information in the ifIndex object. -- Media-specific MIB table entries can (and often do) include "pointer" information that represents user-service relations among entities in a more or less elaborate protocol stack below the internetwork layer. This pointer information variously takes the form of OBJECT IDENTIFIER values (as in the Character MIB) or combinations of OBJECT IDENTIFIER and INTEGER values. -- If every protocol entity below the internetwork layer is represented by an entry in the MIB 2 interfaces table, then all possible user-service relations among such entities may be concisely represented as a set of ordered pairs of ifIndex values. A simple MIB to represent such a set of ordered pairs was deemed desirable. A document presenting these conclusions in greater detail will be prepared as a basis for broader discussion of this problem. X.25 MIB Working Group The X.25 MIB Working Group met to consider three documents: one that instruments X.25 link-layer functionality, one that Cooper [Page 18] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 instruments X.25 layer 3 functionality, and one that instruments convergence functions necessary to run IP over X.25. At this meeting, the WG decided that the scope of instrumentation in the link-layer MIB will be confined to the LAPB protocol. The working group also concluded that the objects in these MIBs should be reviewed for actual usefulness in managing networks and that some pruning or alteration in conformance posture may be desirable. The working group noted that the IPLPDN Working Group was contemplating a revision to RFC 877 and decided to monitor that activity to determine if it may warrant revision to the IP/X.25 convergence MIB. The group also discussed at some length the problems of representing X.25 protocol stacks in MIBs and suggested that the SNMP directorate might pay some attention to this problem. Remote LAN Monitoring Working Group This working group met informally to discuss implementation experience with the recently published RMON MIB. At the suggestion of members who had attended the Birds of a Feather session on SNMP Device Discovery earlier in the week, the working group spent some time discussing ways in which RMON technology could be applied to the device discovery problem. The meeting also recommended that a new working group be formed to address extensions of the RMON MIB for Token Ring media. IEEE 802.3 Hub MIB Working Group This working group met to discuss the current draft of a SNMP MIB for 802.3 Repeater devices. The chair reported on IEEE reaction to this first draft of the SNMP MIB. A presentation was made on ideas for a "chassis MIB" that is useful in instrumenting communications products that encompass multiple devices. As a result of this presentation, the working group concluded that its repeater MIB need not accommodate multiple repeater devices as this need was better addressed by the notion of a chassis MIB. The working group recommended that effort be applied to development of the chassis MIB ideas. Internet Accounting Working Group This working group met in two sessions during the Santa Fe IETF meeting. The first session reviewed the IA Background document (RFC 1272). Some time was spent bringing newcomers up to date with the WG's purpose and efforts. New attendees brought fresh perspectives and offered many comments, criticisms, and suggestions that will be incorporated into either a new version of the RFC or into follow-on documents. Cooper [Page 19] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The second session was spent in discussion of the latest draft of the IA architecture. Although this document has existed for several months now and has undergone 3 or 4 extensive revisions, it still needs work, both in form and content. The stated scope of the document was tightened. The IA model and its difference from the OSI accounting model was more clearly defined. A decision was made to combine the metering services document (formerly to be separate) with the architecture document. A decision was made to announce the WG's intention to produce a draft MIB document before its work is concluded. Discussion of the architecture document will continue with a view to advancing it to the status of Internet Draft by the next IETF conference. SNMP Working Group This working group met briefly in Santa Fe to conclude its business. The only item of outstanding business was the resolution of issues surrounding the Ethernet MIB. The WG chair reviewed the course of action that had been previously discussed on the mailing list. With the formation of the Ethernet MIB working group to resolve outstanding issues, the SNMP WG adjourned and disbanded. The scheduled time that remained after adjournment of the SNMP WG was devoted to the first meeting of the new Ethernet MIB group. Ethernet MIB Working Group The Ethernet MIB working group met for the first time in Santa Fe to begin its resolution of outstanding issues in the Ethernet MIB. The working group charter was presented and interpreted by the chair. The working group decided to omit from the current version of the MIB the language that dissociates conformance to the standard from actual implementation of the relevant objects. The working group felt that resolution of the issues required a more straightforward strategy that ties implementation requirements to particular operating environments. The working group also decided that distinctions between 802.3 and Ethernet environments could be a useful principle in articulating conformance requirements. The group also agreed that distinctions between hardware and software implementations of MAC layer functions would also be an important consideration. SNMP MIB Compiler BOF A Birds of a Feather session on SNMP MIB compiler technology was conducted by Dave Perkins of Synoptics. Dave presented his recent work on MIB compiler technology and explained how it could be valuable both in syntax checking of MIB documents and as a tool to support development of SNMP agents. Cooper [Page 20] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 SNMP Device Discovery BOF A Birds of a Feather session on SNMP Device Discovery was conducted by Fred Baker of ACC. Much time was spent in this session attempting unsuccessfully to formulate an adequate definition of the problem. The session articulated some ideas on how remote monitoring technology could be applied to the device discovery problem, and these were subsequently presented to the RMON MIB working group for its consideration. 6. Eighteen (18) Internet Draft Actions this month There were 18 Internet-Draft actions leading up to the Santa Fe IETF meeting in November. (Revised draft (o), New Draft (+) ) WG I-D Title ------ -------------------------------------------------------- (ppp) o The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP): A Proposed Standard for the Transmission of Multi-Protocol Datagrams Over Point-to-Point Links (ucp) o FYI on an Internet Trouble Ticket Tracking System for addressing Internet User Connectivity Problems (none) o Mapping between X.400(1988) / ISO 10021 and RFC 822 (iplpdn) o Management Information Base for Frame Relay DTEs (pppext) o The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) (dhc) o Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (smtpext) o SMTP Extensions for Transport of Enhanced Text-Based Messages (mospf) o Multicast Extensions to OSPF (disi) o A Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations (pppext) o The PPP Authentication Protocols (rreq) o IP Forwarding Table MIB (cat) + Distributed Authentication Security Service Cooper [Page 21] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 (isis) + Integrated IS-IS Management Information Base (e2e) + TCP Extensions for High Delay*Bandwidth Paths <-No Internet Draft> (none) + Experiences Supporting By-Request Circuit-Switched T3 Networks (none) + Multiprotocol Interconnect on X.25 and ISDN in the Packet Mode (tcplw) + TCP Extensions for High Performance (822ext) + Representation of Non-ASCII Text in Internet Message Headers 7. Eleven (11) RFC's this month (Standard (S), Proposed Standard (PS), Draft Standard (DS), Experimental (E), Informational (I) ) RFC Status WG Title --------- -- -------- --------------------------------------------- RFC1108 PS () U.S. Department of Defense Security Options for the Internet Protocol RFC1271 PS (rmonmib) Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base RFC1272 I (acct) Internet Accounting: Background RFC1273 I () A Measurement Study of Changes in Service-Level Reachability in the Global TCP/IP Internet: Goals, Experimental Design, Implementation, and Policy Considerations RFC1274 PS () The COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema RFC1275 I (osids) Replication and Distributed Operations Extensions to Provide an Internet Directory using X.500 RFC1276 PS (osids) Replication and Distributed Operations extensions to Provide an Internet Directory RFC1277 PS (osids) Encoding Network Addresses to support operation over non-OSI lower layers RFC1278 I (osids) A string encoding of Presentation Address RFC1279 E (osids) X.500 and Domains RFC1281 I (spwg) Guidelines for the Secure Operation of the Internet 8. IETF Submission to the First Internet Society Newsletter This is the first report on the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in an Internet Society publication. Therefore, I'd like to Cooper [Page 22] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 start by saying how exciting it is for the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) and IETF to be part of the formation of a new professional society concerned with something very important to us all -- the global communications network called the Internet. The IETF has played a key role under the Internet Activities Board (IAB) in many important Internet development activities. We all look forward to working within the Internet Society in the future. Since this is an initial report on the IETF, I feel it is important to give an overview of the IETF, how it operates, and how to become more involved in the open IETF activities. I will also give a brief report on the most recent IETF meeting, which took place in November 1991 in Santa Fe New Mexico, USA. IETF Overview The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the protocol engineering, development, and standardization arm of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). The IETF began in January 1986 as a forum for technical coordination by contractors for the U.S. Defense Advanced Projects Agency (DARPA), working on the ARPANET, U.S. Defense Data Network (DDN), and the Internet core gateway system. Since that time, the IETF has grown into a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet protocol architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. The IETF mission includes: 1. Identifying and proposing solutions to pressing operational and technical problems in the Internet, 2. Specifying the development (or usage) of protocols and the near-term architecture to solve such technical problems for the Internet, 3. Making recommendations to the IAB regarding standardization of protocols and protocol usage in the Internet, 4. Facilitating technology transfer from the Internet Research Task Force to the wider Internet community, and 5. Providing a forum for the exchange of information within the Internet community between vendors, users, researchers, agency contractors, and network managers. Technical activity on any specific topic in the IETF is addressed within Working Groups (WG). All Working Groups are organized Cooper [Page 23] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 roughly by function into nine technical areas. Each is led by an Area Director who has primary responsibility for that one area of IETF activity. Together with the Chair of the IETF, these nine technical Directors (plus, a director for Standards Procedures) compose the IESG. The current Areas and Directors, which compose the IESG, are: IETF and IESG Chair: Phill Gross/ANS Applications: Russ Hobby/UC-Davis Internet: Noel Chiappa/Consultant Philip Almquist/Consultant Network Management: James Davin/ MIT OSI Integration: David Piscitello/Bellcore Ross Callon/DEC (retiring) Operational Requirements: Susan Estrada/CERFnet Phill Gross/ANS Bernard Stockman/Nordunet Routing: Robert Hinden/BBN Security: Steve Crocker/TIS Transport and Services Dave Borman/Cray Research User Services Joyce Reynolds/ISI Standards Management: Dave Crocker/DEC The IETF has a secretariat, headquartered at the Corporation for National Research Initiatives in Reston Virginia, with the following staff: IETF Executive Director: Steve Coya IESG Secretary: Greg Vaudreuil IETF Coordination: Megan Davies Administrative Support: Debra Legare Cynthia Clark The Working Groups conduct business during plenary meetings of the IETF, during meetings outside of the IETF, and via electronic mail on mailing lists established for each group. The IETF holds 4.5 day plenary sessions three times a year. These plenary meetings are composed of Working Group sessions, technical presentations, network status briefings, WG reporting, and an open IESG meeting. A Proceeding of each IETF plenary is published, which includes reports from each area, each WG, and each technical presentation. The Proceedings includes a summary of all current standardization activities. Cooper [Page 24] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Mailing Lists Much of the daily work of the IETF is conducted on electronic mailing lists. There are mailing lists for each of the Working Groups, as well as a general IETF list. Mail on the Working Group mailing lists is expected to be technically relevant to the Working Groups supported by that list. To join a mailing list, send a request to the associated request list. All internet mailing lists have a companion "-request" list. Send requests to join a list to -request@. Information and logistics about upcoming meetings of the IETF are distributed on the general IETF mailing list. For general inquiries about the IETF, send a request to ietf-request@isi.edu. An archive of mail sent to the IETF list is available for anonymous ftp from the directory ~ftp/irg/ietf on venera.isi.edu On Line IETF Information The Internet Engineering Task Force maintains up-to-date on-line information on all its activities. There is a directory containing Internet-Draft documents and a directory containing IETF working group information. All this information is available in identical format for public access at several locations globally. (See below for locations.) The "IETF" directory contains a general description of the IETF, summaries of ongoing working group activities and provides information on past and upcoming meetings. The directory generally reflects information contained in the most recent IETF Proceedings and Working Group Reports. The "Internet-Drafts" directory makes available for review and comment draft documents that will be submitted ultimately to the IAB for standardization and/or submitted to the RFC Editor to be considered for publishing as an RFC. Comments on Internet-Drafts from the wider Internet community (i.e., in addition to those attending the WG sessions at the IETF plenaries) are strongly encouraged and should be addressed to the responsible person whose name and electronic mail addresses are listed on the first page of the respective draft. The IETF Directory Below is a list of the files available in the IETF directory and a short synopsis of what each file contains. Cooper [Page 25] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Files prefixed with a 0 contain information about upcoming meetings. Files prefixed with a 1 contain general information about the IETF, the working groups, and the internet-drafts. FILE NAME 0mtg-agenda the current agenda for the upcoming quarterly IETF plenary, which contains what Working Groups will be meeting and at what times, and the technical presentations and network status reports to be given. 0mtg-logistics the announcement for the upcoming quarterly IETF plenary, which contains specific information on the date/location of the meeting, hotel/airline arrangements, meeting site accommodations and travel directions. 0mtg-rsvp a standardized RSVP form to be used to notify the support staff of your plans to attend the upcoming IETF meeting. 0mtg-schedule current and future meeting dates and sites for IETF plenaries. 1id-abstracts the internet drafts current on-line in the internet-drafts directory. 1id-guidelines instructions for authors of internet drafts. 1ietf-overview a short description of the IETF, the IESG and how to participate. 1wg-summary a listing of all current Working Groups, the working group chairmen and their email addresses, working group mailing list addresses, and, where applicable, documentation produced. This file also contains the standard acronym for the working groups by which the IETF and Internet-Drafts directories are keyed. Finally, Working Groups have individual files dedicated to their particular activities which contain their respective Charters and Meeting Reports. Each Working Group file is named in this fashion: -charter.txt -minutes-date.txt Using FTP, the "dir" or "ls" command will permit you to review what Working Group files are available. The Internet-Drafts Directory The Internet-Drafts directory contains the current working documents of the IETF. These documents are indexed in the file Cooper [Page 26] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 1id-abstracts.txt in the Internet-Drafts directory. The documents are named according to the following conventions. If the document was generated in an IETF working group, the filename is: draft-ietf---.txt , or .ps where is the working group acronym, is a very short name, and is the revision number. If the document was submitted for comment by a non-ietf group or author, the filename is: draft----.txt, or .ps where is the organization sponsoring the work and is the author's name. For more information on writing and installing an Internet-Draft, see the file 1id-guidelines, "Guidelines to Authors of Internet- Drafts". Directory Locations The directories are maintained primarily at the NSFnet Service Center (NNSC). There are several official "shadow" machines which contain the IETF and INTERNET-DRAFTS directories in identical format. These machines may be more convenient than nnsc.nsf.nsf. (Plus, there are numerous "unofficial" sites, that may also be more convenient for specific users.) To access these directories, use FTP. After establishing a connection, Login with username ANONYMOUS and password GUEST. When logged in, change to the directory of your choice with the following commands: cd internet-drafts cd ietf Individual files can then be retrieved using the GET command: get e.g., get 00README readme.my.copy IETF Directory Locations NSF Network Service Center Address: nnsc.nsf.net Cooper [Page 27] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The Defense Data Network NIC Address: nic.ddn.mil Internet-drafts are also available by mail server from this machine. For more information mail a request: To: service@nic.ddn.mil Subject: Help NIC staff are happy to assist users with any problems that they may encounter in the process of obtaining files by FTP or "SERVICE". For assistance, phone the NIC hotline at 1-800-235-3155 between 6 am and 5 pm Pacific time. Pacific Rim Address: munnari.oz.au The Internet-drafts on this machine are stored in Unix compressed form (.Z). Europe Address: nic.nordu.net (192.36.148.17) Phill Gross (pgross@NRI.RESTON.VA.US) Cooper [Page 28] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 INTERNET PROJECTS ----------------- BARRNET ------- BARRNet connected two new sites at 56kbps and one site at T1 in November, bringing the total connected BARRNet membership to 105. One of the connected sites was the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, the first local government organization to join BARRNet. BARRNet also deployed the first new low-cost IP router manufactured by Network Application Technology, which has reduced the cost for an all-hardware-provided 56kbps connection to $6500 from over $10,000. by Paul Baer BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN INC. ---------------------------- Terrestrial Wideband Network (TWBNet) During November, the TWBNet backbone nodes were upgraded with intelligent I/O interfaces (BI4s) for the trunk connections and a new software release. In early December, BBN will be tuning internal operating parameters and conducting performance tests. The resulting high-speed Dual Bus Protocol (DBP) subsystem will provide: * Decreased end-to-end delay across the network: Currently, each frame sees not only propagation delay but also a per- WPS-hop delay of 21.5 milliseconds. With the new hardware, the per-hop delay will drop to 6 milliseconds. The Boston to LA end-to-end delay is reduced by 77.5 milliseconds to 66 milleseconds (a 54% improvement). * Better trunk line bandwidth utilization and finer-grain allocation of stream capacity, hence higher available throughput: The new hardware allows us to use 548 byte cells which are about half the current cell size. * Increased tolerance to trunk line noise and errors: The BI4 DBP implementation includes a better Phase Lock Loop algorithm for long-term frame timing. Cooper [Page 29] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 In addition to these performance improvements, the new release contains two other enhancements. First, it supports running the TWBNet monitoring and control system on either a SPARC or SUN3 platform. Second, priority handling has been extended to cover discarding during overload: lower priority traffic is always discarded first. This change allows the network to better support conferencing gateways which are connected by lower speed lines, e.g., 256Kbps, and which carry both IP and ST traffic. Inter-Domain Policy Routing During the month of November, we resumed work on IDPR. Our near- term goal is technology transfer, namely making IDPR available in the Internet. To this end, we have been working on the gated version of the IDPR software with SAIC, who is leading the gated development effort. We have concentrated our efforts on configuration, designing a user interface, a parser, the database, and the interfaces between the IDPR functions and the database. ST Conferencing During November, the TWB backbone WPSs were upgraded with BI4 processors, and conferencing personnel and equipment were involved in extensive release and operational testing. Conferencing continued to run successfully after the upgrade. One week of the month was reserved for this upgrade. A total of 7 video conferences and 11 scheduled test conferences were conducted during November. Two conferences involved three sites, and five conferences were point-to-point. Some of the sponsored events included an ICB meeting at ISI, a seminar conducted with UCL including the University of London Livenet network, and a DISA meeting. Ft. Leavenworth was not reconnected to the TWB as a conferencing site during November, because the T1 tail circuit to the TWB was not yet available. The RIACS conferencing site announced an impending move in December. A new location for that conference center is still under investigation. Present conferencing sites include Los Alamos, RIACS, ISI, DARPA, RADC, BBN, UCL London and WPC Germany. To schedule a video conference, please send mail video-conf-request@bbn.com. Jil Westcott (westcott@bbn.com) Cooper [Page 30] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 CONCERT ------- SAS Institute, Inc. was added to the CONCERT network during the month of November and now has Internet access. Four members of the CONCERT staff attended the IETF and FARNET meetings in Santa Fe. The CONCERT staff held a full day tutorial on LAN technology for representatives from several of the smaller North Carolina Colleges which will soon be connecting to the CONCERT network. This is one in a series of tutorials to be presented by the CONCERT staff to assist the schools in setting up their local networks and connecting to the CONCERT network. During the past month, CONCERT researchers have sucessfully demonstrated full motion video conferencing over a local ethernet network. They have achieved near broadcast quality video and audio teleconferencing over an existing workstation network. The prototype consists of video cameras, microphones, and monitors connected to two Compression Labs (CLI) Rembrant II/VP codecs. The codecs are connected via RS-449/422 interfaces to modified 3COM cards in a pair of IBM RS6000s. The RS6000s communicate via standard TCP/IP. The output of the CLI codecs is a constant bit stream at 640Kbps in each direction, corresponding to 12% of the available ethernet bandwidth. The video conferencing and normal computer traffic co-exist on the local area network without impacting the quality of service for the workstation users. Future plans include expanding from a local area network to a wide area network, moving the display from an external monitor to the display of the workstation, and expanding from point-to-point conferencing to multisite multi-user conferencing. These aspects will require significant research into the communications protocols at both the network and transport layer. Bandwidth reservation expansions for IP, multicast for TCP/IP, and network latency control will be investigated. With NSF sponsorship, MCNC and the CONCERT network will host a workshop on Teleconferencing and Packet Video scheduled for December 10 and 11. The workshop will focus on on-going packet video projects, networking issues, compression and workstation technology, and current videoconferencing capabilities. by Tom Sandoski Cooper [Page 31] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 CSUNET (THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NETWORK) ----------------------------------------------- The California State University network connected the Los Angeles County Office of Education. LACOE plans to interconnect most of its ninety-five school districts which comprise over one-thousand schools in the LA, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties. Mike Marcinkevicz (mdm@CSU.net) FARNET (FEDERATION OF AMERICAN RESEARCH NETWORKS) ------------------------------------------------- FARNET held its quarterly meeting on Nov. 18-19 in Santa Fe, NM, concurrently with the IETF. Highlights of this meeting included a lively panel discussion on the question, "What IS Hardening the Network?" with presenters from NSF, NASA, DOE, IETF, and FARNET. We also had a visit from the Mystery User, who has proposed 10 new SDECs (Simple Diagnostic Error Codes) to assist the unwary in making sense of the Internet. SDEC 01, for example, is "The hardware is bad." An 11th SDEC was proposed and adopted at the meeting. SDEC 11 is "The user is bad." Other presentations included: building and using trouble ticket systems (NEARnet), managing outsourcing contracts (CICnet and NYSERNet), training the customer (PSI), and analyzing network performance (CICnet/AT&T). FARNET is working with NSF, the mission agencies, the IETF, and other interested groups to establish well understood performance requirements for network services. We will also be investigating new tools and procedures to improve network management and operations. On November 1 FARNET released an RFI for partners in responding to the forthcoming NSF solicitation for Interim NREN Network Information Services. NYSERNet and NorthWestNet have published excellent resource directories for new Internet users. Contact FARNET for details. Information about FARNET can be obtained by anonymous ftp from host FARNET.ORG in the farnet directories. NREN lives! Laura Breeden (breeden@farnet.org) Cooper [Page 32] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 GAO (Government Accounting Office) --------------------------------- Date: Wed, 04 Dec 91 16:10:44 -0500 From: KH3@CU.NIH.GOV Subject: GAO Reports December 4, 1991 Dear Internet or Bitnet Interest Group Moderator, Two additional U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) reports are available over the Internet in our continuing test to determine whether there is sufficient interest within this community to warrant making all GAO reports available over the Internet. They may be of interest to your group. The reports are in ASCII text format and available in the Anonymous FTP directory GAO-REPORTS at the NIH computer center (CU.NIH.GOV). Use the FTP TEXT mode for down loading. 1. High Performance Computing: Industry Uses of Supercomputers and High-Speed Networks, GAO/IMTEC-91-58, July 1991. Provides examples of how various industries are using supercomputers; identifies barriers preventing the increased use of supercomputers; and provides examples of how certain industries are using and benefiting from high-speed networks. (This report is identified as IMTEC-91.R58 in the FTP directory, and is 104,998 bytes or 1,966 lines long.) 2. High Performance Computing: High-Speed Computer Networks in the United States, Europe, and Japan, GAO/IMTEC-91-69, September 1991. Provides information on United States, European, and Japanese efforts to develop high-speed computer networks. (This report is named IMTEC-91.R69 in the FTP directory, and is 162,584 bytes or 2,856 lines long.) The Anonymous FTP directory also contains 7 earlier reports, which are described in the file named REPORTS. A list of GAO reports released since September 1991 is in the file named A-LIST; it is updated every week or two. Cooper [Page 33] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 So that we can keep a count of report recipients, and your reaction, please send an E-Mail message to KH3@CU.NIH.GOV and include, along with your E-Mail address, the following information: 1) Your organization. 2) Your position/title and name (optional). 3) The title/report number of the above reports you have retrieved electronically or ordered by mail or phone. 4) Whether you have ever obtained a GAO report before. 5) Whether you have copied a report onto another bulletin board--if so, which report and bulletin board. 6) Other GAO report subjects you would be interested in. GAO's reports cover a broad range of subjects such as major weapons systems, energy, financial institutions, and pollution control. 7) Any additional comments or suggestions. Thank you for your time. Sincerely, Jack L. Brock, Jr. Director, Government Information and Financial Management Issues Information Management and Technology Division ISI --- GIGABIT NETWORKING INFRASTRUCTURE Joyce Reynolds, Bob Braden, and Jon Postel, attended the IETF meeting in Santa Fe, NM, November 18 - Nov. 22. 11 RFCs were published this month. RFC 1270: Kastenholz, F., "SNMP Communications Services" Clearpoint Research Corporation, October 1991 Cooper [Page 34] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 RFC 1271: Waldbusser, S., "Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base", November 1991. RFC 1272: Mills, C., (BBN), D. Hirsh (Meridian Tech), G. Ruth (BBN), "INTERNET ACCOUNTING: BACKGROUND" November 1991. RFC 1273: Schwartz, M., "A Measurement Study of Changes in Service-Level Reachability in the Global TCP/IP Internet: Goals, Experimental Design, Implementation, and Policy Considerations", University of Colorado, November 1991. RFC 1274: Barker, P., S. Kille, "The COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema", University College London, November 1991. RFC 1275: Hardcastle-Kille, S.E., "Replication Requirements to Provide an Internet Directory Using X.500", University College London, November 1991. RFC 1276: Hardcastle-Kille, "Replication and Distributed Operations Extensions to Provide an Internet Directory Using X.500 RFC 1277: Hardcastle-Kille, "Encoding Network Addresses to Support Operation Over non-OSI Lower Layers, University College London, November 1991. RFC 1278: Hardcastle-Kille, "A String Encoding of Presentation Address", University College London, November 1991. RFC 1279: Hardcastle-Kille, "X.500 and Domains", University College London, November 1991. RFC 1281: "Pethia, R., (Software Engineering Inst.), S. Crocker (Trusted Info. Systems), B. Fraser (Software Engineering Inst.), "Guidelines for the Secure Operation of The Internet" November 1991. PAPERS PUBLISHED Finn, G., "An Integration of Network Communication with Workstation Architecture Computer Communication Review", Vol. 21, No. 5, October 1991, pp. 18-27. Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) Cooper [Page 35] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 MULTIMEDIA CONFERENCING At the IETF meeting in Santa Fe, a BOF session was held to explore teleconferencing in the Internet. Several areas of interest were identified, one of which was deemed ready for a working group. The Audio/Video Transport WG, chaired by Steve Casner, will specify protocols for real-time transmission of audio and video over UDP to foster interoperation among experimental systems. Discussion of this WG can be followed by subscribing to rem-conf-request@es.net. A new technical report was published this month, "A Distributed Architecture for Multimedia Conference Control". It can be retrieved electronically via anonymous FTP from venera.isi.edu. The file is located in the pub directory as mmc-mmcc.ps along with other mmc-* documents (see mmc-README for further details). Steve Casner, Eve Schooler (casner@ISI.EDU, schooler@ISI.EDU) JVNCNET ------- I. General information A. How to reach us: 1-800-35-TIGER (from anywhere in the United States) E-MAIL: NOC: noc@jvnc.net Service desk: service@jvnc.net US MAIL: Princeton University B6 von Neumann Hall Princeton, NJ 08544 (Director: Sergio Heker) B. Hours NOC: 24 hours/day, seven days a week Service desk: 9:00 to 5:00 pm, M - F (except holidays) C. Other info available on-line from NICOL Telnet to nicol.jvnc.netS. Login ID is nicol and no password. Cooper [Page 36] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 II. New Information A. RFCs on-line To obtain RFCs from the official JvNCnet repository (two methods) ftp nicol.jvnc.net; username: nicol; password: RFC automailer Send email to sendrfc@jvnc.net. Subject line is RFCxxxx. xxxx represents the RFC number. RFCs with three digits only need three digits in the request. B. Operational information JvNCnet availability for October is 99.95%. C. New on-line members Seton Hall University, Madison, NJ St. Peter's College, Jersey City, NJ The College of Saint Elizabeth, Convent Station, NJ Monmouth College, Longbranch, NJ Drew University, Madison, NJ William Paterson College, Paterson, NJ Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY Ramapo College, Ramapo, NJ Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, PA. Stockton State College, Pomona, NJ Atlantic County Community College, Mays Landing, NJ Advanced Media Laboratory of Samsung Electronics, Lawrenceville, NJ Adelphi University, Garden City, NY D. JvNCnet Members Meeting The next members meeting is scheduled for Friday, January 17, 1992 at Lewis Thomas Laboratory Auditorium 003 (Washington Road, Princeton University). In addition to parallel sessions including X.500 directory service, engineering enhancements for gateway and host services, member requests for additional information services, Switched Multi-Data System and Frame Relay tutorials will be presented. Agenda and travel information are being prepared for electronic dissemination and regular mailing. For further information, please send email to hammer@jvnc.net. Cooper [Page 37] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 E. JvNCnet Symposium Series New Internet users will receive an opportunity to learn about helpful Internet-accessible applications, for more efficiency and productivity, as well as network services by attending the JvNCnet Symposium, NETWORK APPLICATIONS,on Friday, January 24, 1992 at Lewis Thomas Laboratory Auditorium 003, Washington Road, Princeton University. A finalized agenda is expected shortly. Please send inquiries to pihl@jvnc.net. F. Megabytes newsletter The fall 1991 issue has been published (volume 1, issue 2). A postscript file is available via anonymous ftp to nicol.jvnc.net under nicol/megabytes directory. If you want your name added to the mailing list, please send email to megabytes- request@jvnc.net. by Rochelle Hammer (hammer@jvnc.net) LOS NETTOS ---------- OSPF testing continues Plans are in progress to provide an alternate EGP peer to the San Diego NSS for Los Nettos route and to load share across the peers. This will give us a backup if the primary EGP peer session fails. A new accounting system for Los Nettos is almost complete. The old system has been running on a Tops 20 machine which is being shut down. Walt Prue (Prue@ISI.EDU) MERIT/MICHNET ------------- As of December 1, 1991, MichNet will implement PPP Authorization in the network. Any PPP user will be able to authorize for basic service (within Michigan and Net 35) or full service. Full service authorizers must have an account on an accredited host. As part of our continuing work to upgrade the network backbone, many of our links have been upgraded in the past few months. Several more link improvements are planned for the near future. The network link between Central Michigan University in Mount Cooper [Page 38] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Pleasant and Michigan State University in East Lansing was upgraded from 9600 to 56 thousand bits per second early in the fall. Links between the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, and between Wayne State University in Detroit and Oakland University in Rochester have been upgraded from 56 thousand bits per second to T1 (1.5 million bits per second). The Grand Rapids Regional Center is enjoying improved connections with the rest of the network now that the 9600 bits per second link with Michigan State has been upgraded to 56 thousand bits per second. The link to Saginaw Valley State University has been upgraded from 9600 to 56,000 bits per second. New Affiliates: Warner Lambert Parke-Davis of Ann Arbor has become MichNet's newest affiliate. Conferences: Many MichNet staff members attended conferences in October and November. Laura Bollettino and Ellen Hoffman attended Educom. Pat McGregor attended ACM SIGUCCS. Chris Weider, Ellen Hoffman, Dale Johnson, Allan Rubens, Glenn McGregor, and Larry Blunk attended IETF. Jeff Ogden, Dale Johnson, and Ellen Hoffman attended FARNET. Mark Davis-Craig presented at the Merit Seminar in Baltimore, and afterward attended the SURANet regional meeting. Reorganization: Merit Network, Inc. has had some internal reorganization in the past few months. Jeff Ogden is now the Merit Associate Director for MichNet. The NSFNET Information Services group and the MichNet Technical Support group have been reorganized into a new Network Information Center, managed by Ellen Hoffman, formerly assistant to Merit's president. Scott Gerstenberger has become Associate Director for UMnet, the campus network of the University of Michigan. by Pat McGregor NEARNET (NEW ENGLAND ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH NETWORK) --------------------------------------------------- NEARnet has grown to 108 members. The fifth NEARnet Technical and User Seminar will be held on December 12, 1991 at the Brandeis University Events Center in Waltham, Massachusetts. Cooper [Page 39] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The tenth issue of the electronic bulletin "NEARnet This Month" has been distributed. Past issues of the bulletin are available via anonymous FTP at nic.near.net, in the directory /newsletters/nearnet_this_month. John Curran attended the FARNET meeting in Santa Fe, New Mexico and spoke about the value of each regional network establishing membership agreements with their clients. Dan Long also attended the FARNET meeting and presented an overview of the NEARnet Trouble Tracking System and the UCP Working Group activities. by John Rugo NSFNET/ANSNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING ---------------------------------- Summary During November the T3 backbone network continued to perform well, with significantly fewer outages and new problems than had been experienced in prior months. Some new enhancements were applied, and some remaining problems were resolved in preparation for the transition to support a full load of traffic. The T1 backbone still exhibits some congestion, although several problems were resolved which has reduced the severity of the connectivity and performance problems. We are planning for a change freeze and "stability period" during which no changes will be made to the T3 backbone. Attached NSF midlevel and regional networks will be solicited to introduce an artificial load of traffic onto the T3 backbone to experiment with the routing conversion and migration plan. Following the stability test period and the correction of any problems that are identified during this period, traffic can be moved over from the T1 to T3 backbone. Cooper [Page 40] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 T1 Backbone Update The T1 backbone NSS's have been experiencing loss of EGP sessions with several regional network peers. This problem has diminished at several sites with the installation of new RT kernel (build 277) software that contains some buffering enhancements, and ethernet and token ring driver performance enhancements. The buffering changes also fix a problem that caused delays in getting link state changes announced to the rest of the nodes in the backbone in a timely fashion. This software build has been deployed throughout the T1 backbone NSS's, including the split-EPSPs nodes located at remote sites (eg. CERN, Switzerland). However even with these changes, we continue to experience some EGP session loss problems which we have isolated to exist within the RCP node within he NSS. For reasons that have not yet been determined, the RCP will occasionally delay sending responses to EGP packets for up to several minutes at a time. We have installed a new version of the rcp_routed software that has improved diagnostic capabilities to help identify the exact cause of the problem. T3 Backbone Update IBGP Disconnect Problem We were observing occaisional disconnects of the Internal Border Gateway Protocol (IBGP) sessions between ENSS and CNSS nodes in the T3 system. This problem was due to a faulty DS3 interface adapter/DSU hardware pair on the T3 backbone link between Chicago and Cleveland. Packets traversing this link in the westward direction occasionally became altered in a systematic pattern of byte reordering such that the data passed the TCP checksum at the IBGP receiver end. The BGP protocol handler detected the corruption and dropped the session. This problem stopped occurring once this link was rehomed to a different interface at the Chicago POP. We also plan to improve the link level error detection before cutting the bulk of the traffic to the T3 network. Safety Net Safety Net represents the addition of 12 T1 links interconnecting the core backbone router CNSS nodes that also support T3 links. These safety net links are installed between the POP sites and do not connect to the ENSS nodes. Currently 10 of these 12 links are fully installed and configured. The T1 link metrics are designed so that a T1 path is used only if all other T3 paths to adjacent CNSS nodes become unreachable. This has already proven useful on a few occasions, including one where the T1/T3 interconnect gateway lost its T3 connectivity. The T1 link allowed the gateway to Cooper [Page 41] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 function with no interruption of service or session loss, although performance was not optimal because of the delays due to congestion on this link. The remaining two T1 links will be installed in mid- December. T1/T3 Interconnect Gateways The routing design for load sharing among the T1/T3 interconnect gateways (at Ann Arbor, Houston and San Diego) is nearly complete and we expect to enable this in December. This requires a small amount of work to the policy routing configuration database procedures to allow a bulk update of network numbers to be administered. This introduced in two phases where T3 routes will first be split across the interconnect gateways in the announcements to the T1 backbone, and then the same procedure will subsequently be administered on the T3 backbone. The process will take a week or so to complete, and we expect this to occur without undue downtime. Route Loss A new problem with routing on T3 has surfaced during November. On about 5 occasions in November, a CNSS or ENSS router in the T3 system lost some of the networks in its routing tables, requiring a manual reset of the routing software. During one such recent event we determined that the rcp_routed software did not correctly identify the status of an external peer session which caused the route loss to occur. A fix has been applied to the rcp_routed software to correct this and continue to watch for any recurrence of this problem. We are running a shell script that identifies if a node loses routes, to allow the NOC to correct this in a timely fashion. The NOC will continue to gather logging and routing table dumps to be analyzed if this problem happens again. This problem must be solved as a pre-requisite prior to the "stability week" period. New External BGP Peers Several sites have been cooperating with us to establish external BGP peer sessions with the T3 system. This is helping to reduce the volume of traffic associated with large external routing updates. Several router vendors have cooperated in fixing problems and are helping us to tune these implementations. We are pleased with the results so far, and we continue to encourage peer networks to support BGP routing exchanges with us. Cooper [Page 42] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Phase III T3 Network Preparation C-Bit Parity C-Bit parity provides real-time end-to-end performance monitoring and link error reporting for DS3 circuits (similar to ESF on T1). Work is now underway to implement and test the C-Bit Parity feature on the DS-3 links and DSU interfaces. New non-intrusive C-Bit parity monitoring units are being installed on the MCI provided transmission facilities allow real time link problems to be isolated out-of-band from a remote monitoring center. RS/960 DS3 Cards Testing is in progress for the new RS/960 "smart" cards for the RS/6000 routers. These new DS3 interfaces and DSU cards will allow card-to-card transfer of packets across the microchannel without involving the RS/6000 system processor. The new cards will also allow a configuration of 5 interfaces to be installed per node rather than 4. This introduces new options for the CNSS router configuration within the POP sites. The current estimated timeframe for begining the RS/960 card installations is February/March 1992, contingent upon the completion of the current T3 network stabilization activities. The installations will be administered in a phased fashion to minimize disruption of the production network. Enhanced testing in the labs and on the research network will be done in a detailed fashion. Lab testing has proceeded smoothly an the wide area test network test plan is being finalized now. Mark Knopper, Merit Network Inc., (mak@merit.edu) Jordan Becker, Advanced Network & Services, Inc., (becker@ans.net) NSFNET/INFORMATION SERVICES --------------------------- During November 1991, 11,223,611,197 inbound packets traversed the T1 and T3 infrastructures, a 0.4% decrease from October's 11,267,961,959 combined inbound packet traffic. NSFNET T1 infrastructure traffic totaled 10,112,861,182 inbound packets, including traffic entering from the T3 network. Networks announced to the T1 NSFNET now number 3,751, with 1,302 foreign networks as part of this total. Traffic on the T3 infrastructure totaled 1,586,680,321 inbound packets, including traffic entering from the T1 network. At the close of November, 907 networks have announcement to the T3 Cooper [Page 43] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 infrastructure. Merit has received an additional $754,701 under the National Science Foundation cooperative agreement to provide T3 connectivity to two NASA sites, the NASA-Ames Research Center and NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center. These connections, one directly to Ames and a second for Goddard at College Park, will be implemented in early 1992. This brings Merit's total NSFNET award to $28,754,701 over five years. Susan Calcari, of Merit/NSFNET Information Services, gave an overview of the NSFNET project and internet resources to the Human Factors Society in New York City. The fall meeting of SIGUCCS in Seattle was attended by Pat Smith and Laura Kelleher of Merit/NSFNET Information Services. A member of the Networking Task Force Working Group, Smith spoke on Internet resources. The FARNET and IETF meetings in Sante Fe were well attended by Merit/NSFNET staff. Mark Knopper, manager of Internet Engineering, and Ellen Hoffman, manager of Information Services, represented Merit at FARNET. Knopper gave update presentations on the NSFNET infrastructures to FARNET and IETF sessions. Smith is active on the USWG, co-chairing the NISI Working Group. Sue Hares and Jessica Yu, Internet Engineering, and Dale Johnson, manager of the Network Operations Center, also attended IETF proceedings. Elise Gerich of Internet Engineering, was the Merit/NSFNET representative to the IEPG meeting, also held in Santa Fe. Technical support for the T1 network at Super Computing '91 in Albuquerque was provided by John Scudder of Merit/Internet Engineering. The fall meeting of the Coalition for Networked Information in Arlington, VA was attended by Kelleher, who participates in the Directories and Resource Information Services working group. The November Merit Networking Seminar held in College Park, MD, was well received by over 120 registrants. The next Merit Networking Seminar is scheduled for April 13-14, 1992 in Las Vegas, NV. Seminar information is available from 1-800-66-MERIT or electronic mail to seminar@merit.edu. Jo Ann Ward (jward@merit.edu) PITTSBURGH SUPERCOMPUTING CENTER -------------------------------- The PSC has signed an agreement with Cray Research, Inc. to replace the center's Cray Y-MP8 system with the newly announced Cray Y-MP C90. The agreement provides that the PSC will receive the first C90 available to a non-government research center. Delivery is scheduled for October of 1992. The C90 has sixteen processing Cooper [Page 44] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 units, twice as many as the Y-MP8. Each processor is capable of performing a billion calculations per second. It will come configured with 256 million words, (2 billion bytes) of memory, eight times that of the Y-MP8, and will be upgraded to 512 million words in 1993. The PSC's networking staff provided significant contributions to the design and implementation of the network (SCinet) for the Supercomputing '91 Conference held November 18-22 in Albequerque, N.M. These contributions ranged from designing SCinet's internal FDDI and ethernet infrastructure, providing administrative support in assigning and tracking network address assginments, host names, etc, to participating in implementing and running the network at the conference. The joint PSC and Lawrence Berkeley Labs booth at the conference featured a demonstration of the first cross-country real time imaging application utilizing the Internet, the Cray YMP and the Thinking Machine's CM-2. The data flow rate achieved by this demo was limited by the performance of the currently available FDDI interfaces. Jamshid Mahdavi of the PSC participated in the Northwest Net Conference held in Pasco Washington. He spoke about the creation of the Distributed High Speed Computing Library, (DHSC) and applications on which he has been working. This library will allow our users to write applications that can be distributed across the Cray and the CM. Gene Hastings participated in a FARNET panel discussion on the hardening of mid-level networks. Additions to and requests for Internet connectivity for the month include five networks through PREPnet regional: Lincoln University, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Fore Systems, Telebase Systems, and BIOSYS. by Stephen Cunningham PREPNET ------- This report covers PREPnet activities for October and November. PREPnet has five new members, which brings our total membership to 61. Allegheny College is connected to the Northwest hub via a 56Kbps link. Munin Systems is served by the Pittsburgh hub. Fore Systems, Inc. will be connected to the Pittsburgh hub via a 56Kbps Cooper [Page 45] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 link. Additional new members are Telebase Systems, Inc. and BIOSIS. Telebase Systems is a commercial information provider whose product, EasyNet, provides a common interface to more than 850 databases. BIOSIS provides the Life Science Network and Biological Abstracts as part of EasyNet's service. BIOSIS and Telebase Systems will be connected to the Philadelphia hub via a 56Kbps link. In October, Tom Bajzek represented PREPnet at the EDUCOM meeting. Tom also spoke about PREPnet and the Internet at the annual conference of the Appalachian Regional Commission in Knoxville, TN, where the theme was "Telecommunications for Rural Competitiveness." In November, PREPnet held its Annual General Member Meeting in Pittsburgh. Approximately 130 people attended the meeting. Discussions included national networking issues, how our members are using their connections, and PREPnet's decision to move to CPE (Customer Premise Equipment). The change to CPE moved the demarcation point from the member's ethernet interface to the end of the circuit at the member's site. This move affects the initial equipment costs for our members, since they can now purchase their equipment from several sources; provides options for maintenance and maintenance costs for their equipment; and provides flexibility in the use of their equipment. Marsha Perrott participated in the November IETF in Santa Fe. During that same week, Tom Bajzek attended the FARNET meeting, also held in Santa Fe. PREPnet NIC (prepnet+@andrew.cmu.edu) SAIC ---- During the month of November we were unable to complete that parser and kernel portions of the gated implementation as planned because of unresolved issues in interpretation of the spec and the latest configuration document. This problem is being resolved and improved functionality and clearer documentation will result. Chi Chu, Ken Carlberg, and Robert Woodburn attended the 22nd IETF in Santa Fe. Discussions in the IDPR Working Group meetings centered on a few design issues, the functionality in the gated implementation, and issues related to the Router Requirements Working Group. The latter included the feasability of IDPR integration into the IP routing table, ICMP handling in an Cooper [Page 46] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 encapsulated environment, TTL processing, and IGP interactions. Chi Chu has been analyzing results of an NVLAP conformance test for accredidation of a new test facility. Ken Carlberg presented a paper on mobile hosts at the mobile hosts BOF. The paper is in draft version and is entitled, "An Architecture That Supports the Routing of Mobile End Systems". Copies of this document may be obtained by sending mail to "kgc@cseic.saic.com". We also welcome a new member of the Network Design and Analysis group, Treit Lu. Mr. Lu will be developing an Ada API for X.400 services. Planned Activities: Completion of the new parser design based on the new configuration document. When Chi Chu has finished the NVLAP analysis, he will be able to continue with the IDPR kernel modifications. Ken Carlberg is planning to begin a prototyping effort based upon his study of mobile end systems. Robert Allen Woodburn (woody@cseic.saic.com) SAN DIEGO SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER ------------------------------ SDSC continues its research efforts in the development of a systematic methodology for network analysis and performance testing. Kim Claffy completed the initial draft of a collaborative effort with colleagues in Japan to characterize international academic and research traffic between the Asian and American continents. The paper was introduced at the 13 November IEPG in Santa Fe by Jun Murai (U-Tokyo). Claffy and Hans-Werner Braun are also communicating with other researchers about broadening the scope of the analysis and performance efforts. On November 6, Hans-Werner Braun attended a Gigabit Testbed Review in Washington, D.C. as one of the CASA testbed representatives. Hans-Werner Braun particpated in the 7 Nov 1991 IAB conference call, as well as the 19 Nov 1991 IAB meeting in Santa Fe. He also attended the IEPG conference in Santa Fe, NM (November 13-15), which was partly held in conjunction with the CCIRN. Further discussions on issues surrounding NREN engineering are continuing, including at a meeting on 20 November 1991 in Santa Fe. Attendees were Bob Aiken and George Strawn of NSF, Peter Ford of LANL, and Hans-Werner Braun. Cooper [Page 47] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Active involvement in the Casa Gigabit Testbed effort continues, and SDSC is hosting a CASA project wide workshop in December. Dan Massey of SDSC continues to collaborate with LANL on HIPPI network simulation efforts. On Dec. 14th, SDSC will be having Flag Day - We will be redoing the interior routing at SDSC to use EGP as routing protocol, to give better access to the T3 NSFnet. SDSC has also started plans for IETF in March 1992, which they will be hosting. Paul Love attend IETF in Santa Fe, NM. by Paul Love SRI ---- SRI's Network Information System Center (NISC) is currently working on an update to the TCP/IP CD-ROM and expects it to be available in January 1992. New information, such as Release 7.0 of the ISODE software, will be included. Additionally, versions of the document files will be included that will be easily readable on Macs. We're open to suggestions for any additional updates and invite users to contact us with their comments. The NISC is also developing an Internet User Guide to explain what the Internet is, how to become a part of it, and what to do once you're connected. This guide will be available first quarter 1992. Orders are currently being taken, for the Internet Technology Series (ITS), which includes the six-volume Internet Technology Handbook (ITH), the TCP/IP CD-ROM and its update, and the Internet Technology Subscription. The ITH is a value-added network document that will update and supercede the 1985 DDN Protocol Handbook. Each component of the ITS is also available separately. For more information about these or other hardcopy documents available from the NISC, call 1-415-859-NETS or send a message to nisc@nisc.sri.com. Sue Kirkpatrick (sue@nisc.sri.com) Cooper [Page 48] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 SURANET ------- Technical Meeting SURAnet held its Technical Meeting on November 12th - 15th at the Adult Education Center of the University of Maryland at College Park. Seventy people from all parts of the region attended. The Technical Meeting followed a joint Merit/SURAnet seminar that was held at the same location on November 11th and 12th. IETF & FARnet Meetings Four members of SURAnet staff attended the IETF meeting in Santa Fe, New Mexico on November 18th - 22nd as well as the FARnet meeting also held in Santa Fe on November 18th and 19th. New Topology: SURAnet is in the process of establishing a new topology; one which will consist of collocated equipment at MCI Points of Presence (POPs) in the Southeast. The majority of SURAnet members will be directly connected to an MCI POP and each POP will have physical redundancy. Members will benefit by reduced local loop costs, enhanced services and improved reliability. by Peter Liebscher UCL ---- Crowcroft & Kirstein attended an ICB meeting at ISI, followed by a meeting on International Collaboration on Multimedia Tele- Conferencing. Kirstein also attended the IETF, charing a working group on ODA and attending a working meeting on Video Conferencing. UCL demonstrated their ISDN IP gateway at the Esprit week in Brussels, which was used by several other organisations at the conference site when the X.25 failed. Crowcroft presented a paper on Computer Supported Collaborative Authoring at a DTI CSCW meeting. John Crowcroft (j.crowcroft@CS.UCL.AC.UK) Cooper [Page 49] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE ---------------------- 1. Work continues on checkout of the NTP Version-3 time daemon implementation for Unix. A data capture facility has been implemented in order to properly test and monitor its operation. Device drivers have been constructed for WWVB and CHU receivers. The new version is now running in all net- 128.4 Unix platforms. 2. An unexpected opportunity to explore rambunctious protocol- machine interactions occurred when all timing sources for DARTNET were lost over the Thanksgiving recess. Latent bugs were found in the Version-2 implementations, which resulted in subtle changes to the Version-3 specification, implementation and simulation utilities. 3. An intricate experiment is being conducted in order to assess the ultimate accuracy expectations of various timekeeping platforms and radio clocks available to the Internet community. The experiment required recalibration of our cesium clock at the U.S. Naval Observatory, together with careful measurements conducted over the last two months between it and receivers for GPS, WWVB, WWV and CHU. Preliminary results confirm that all radios on occasion must be expected to deviate considerably outside their specified tolerance envelope, sometimes for exotic cause, even in the case of GPS receivers. We have found explanations for most of these deviations, but are still working on the remainder. 4. We are still working on bringing up experiments and video equipment for DARTNET. Shortly before silicon apparently fried on our video codec, our pictures were being monitored at MIT. Repairs are underway. Dave Mills (Mills@UDEL.EDU) WISCNET ------- The WiscNet Board met at UW-Platteville on November 7, 1991. Items considered included reports by the Facility Manager, the Finance Committee, the Technical Committee, and the User Services Committte. The Finance and Membership Committees met jointly before the Board meeting to discuss membership classes, fees, and backdoor connections. A consensus on backdoor connections was reached and will be further developed before the next meeting. Cooper [Page 50] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The WiscNet User Services Committee is organizing our first-ever WiscNet conference entitled "WiscNet: Highway to Resources -- Providing Services Easily and Effectively.", to be held in Stevens Point Wisconsin on April 27-29, 1992. Paul Evan Peters, Director of the Coalition for Networked Information will be the keynote speaker. The conference will be linked to the Wisconsin Association of Academic Librarians (WAAL) conference, which runs April 29-May 1. The Milwaukee School of Engineering, a independent college located in Milwaukkee Wisconsin, has applied for membership and has been accepted Michael Dorl (dorl@vms.macc.wisc.edu) Cooper [Page 51] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 DIRECTORY SERVICES ------------------ This section of the Internet Monthly is devoted to efforts working to develop directory services that are for, or effect, the Internet. We would like to encourage any organization with news about directory service activities to use this forum for publishing brief monthly news items. The current reporters list includes: o IETF OSIDS Working Group o IETF DISI Working Group [X] o Field Operational X.500 Project - ISI - Merit [X] - PSI - SRI o National Institute of Standards and Technology [X] o North American Directory Forum [X] o OSI Implementor's Workshop [X] o PARADISE Project o PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 Project o PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT o Registration Authority Committee (ANSI USA RAC) o U.S. Department of State, Study Group D, MHS Management Domain subcommittee (SG-D MHS-MD) [X] indicates no report this month Tom Tignor (tpt2@isi.edu) DS Report Coordinator IETF OSIDS WORKING GROUP ------------------------ The OSI-DS WG did not meet in Santa Fe, as it had recently met at Interop. The following WG documents have been progressed as RFCs: RFC 1274: The COSINE and Internet X.500 Schema RFC 1275: Replication Requirements to provide an Internet Directory using X.500 RFC 1276: Replication and Distributed Operations extensions to provide an Internet Directory using X.500 Cooper [Page 52] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 RFC 1277: Encoding Network Addresses to support operation over non-OSI lower layers RFC 1278: A string encoding of Presentation Address RFC 1279: X.500 and Domains There has been extensive electrong discussion on new attributes for the schema. It is hoped that this will resolve soon into a new version of RFC 1274. Christian Huitema suggested an alternate approach to naming organisations to that proposed in OSI-DS 12. There has been an electronic survey of the WG to attempt to progress this issue. A discussion of the relevant points will be in the next version of OSI-DS 12. Steve Hardcastle-Kille (s.kille@cs.ucl.ac.uk) FOX -- FIELD OPERATIONAL X.500 PROJECT -------------------------------------- The FOX project is a DARPA and NSF sponsored effort to provide a basis for operational X.500 deployment in the NREN/Internet. This work is being carried out at Merit, NSYERNet/PSI, SRI and ISI. ISI is the main contractor and responsible for project oversight. ISI --- ISI is in the process of installing a new DSA. The new DSA, as yet unnamed, will run over isode 7.0 and will incorporate the NADF naming scheme. The new DSA is being designed as a replacement for "Incan Speckled Iguana," ISI's current level-1 DSA. "Incan Speckled Iguana" runs over isode 6.0 and the process of converting the old EDBs to the new format has been discovered to be problematic. Tom Tignor (tpt2@isi.edu) PSI --- A decision was made to rename the existing "x5ftp" application to "x5rfc", to more accurately reflect its function. A new application, called "x5ftp", that retrieves files from anonymous ftp archives was written and completed. Cooper [Page 53] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The document describing the schema underlying the (new) "x5ftp" application was submitted to the OSI-DS group for consideration. Wengyik Yeong (yeongw@psi.com) SRI ---- The "Northern Swift Fox" and "San Joaquin Kit Fox" which support WHOIS data and SRI staff data respectively, were upgraded to run ISODE and QUIPU 7.0. SRI pursued obtaining copies of WHOIS data from the current DDN NIC contractor (GSI/Network Solutions) in order to keep the X.500 WHOIS data up to date. A fax containing proposed options for the format of the dumps and/or incremental updates of the WHOIS data was sent to Scott Williamson of Network Solutions as a basis for discussion. Scott Williamson and Ruth Lang met while at IETF to continue these discussions. Early agreements point toward the use of an Ingres-independent ASCII format for transmission of this information. According to Network Solutions' estimates, they may be able to make WHOIS data available to FOX in early 1992. SRI initiated the purchase of an additional memory board for the Sun 4/390 that supports the WHOIS QUIPU DSA. The addition of memory in this workstation will result in a decrease in the time it takes to load the WHOIS data which now is prohibitively high. SRI reviewed the schema employed to support WHOIS data in X.500 and identified attributes that were not being used by the X5WHOIS program. Although the additional attributes added value to the objects themselves, we decided in the short term to eliminate them from the data set loaded into QUIPU in order to reduce the total size of the data set loaded. As an additional means for reducing the effective WHOIS data size, we took advantage of the inherited attributes available in QUIPU 7.0 and represented access control lists in this manner. In order to preserve formatting (e.g., tabs) available in WHOIS Comments field, the use of the "info" attribute (caseIgnoreStringSyntax) in WHOIS objects was replaced by a new attribute "comments" (CaseIgnoreIA5StringSyntax). Enhancements were made to X5WHOIS to implement time/size search limits, mailbox searches based on availability of fast suffix matching in QUIPU 7.0, and search for organizationName in addition to commonName to better match old WHOIS behavior. Cooper [Page 54] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The NIST X.500 implementation, Custos, was studied in preparation for replacing its use of the UNIX file system as a pseudo-relational database with a commercial relational database (Sybase). Interaction with the NIST development team clarified that changes being made to produce the next release of Custos will not impact SRI's work based on release 0.1.1. The following changes were made to the DISI Internet-Draft, "A Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations" and are reflected in the current Internet-Draft. To the document itself, six additional and 16 updated implementation descriptions were added, the keyword cross reference section was revised, and a separate disclaimer section was created. To the Implementation Descriptions, a Pilot Connectivity section was added, the Completeness section was enhanced to make a statement with respect to Section 9 of X.519, and a Last Modified section was added. A request to progress this document to FYI status has been placed with the Chair of the User Services Working Group. We received and responded to 3 queries regarding the availability of "A Catalog of Available X.500 Implementations" (Internet-Draft document draft-ietf-disi-catalog-01.txt). Ruth Lang attended the 22nd IETF meeting held in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Ruth Lang (rlang@nisc.sri.com) PARADISE -------- In the last month three new countries joined the pilot. In JAPAN, the WIDE project in the University of Keio is running the master DSA for c=JP. There are 13 QUIPU DSAs at present working in the country - eight of which were registered in the pilot at the time of writing. These include AIC Systems Laboratories, Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd, Hitachi Software Engineering Co., Kyoto University, Sony Computer Science Laboratory Inc., and the SOUM Corporation. One of the more important tasks of the WIDE project is the handling of the Japanese character set in X.500. Currently, they use T.61 with ISO 2022, and after making a simple modification of QUIPU, are designing attributes in Japanese. PORTUGAL's X.500 Directory pilot finally took off at the University of Minho; they hope to include several more University sites before summer 1992. Cooper [Page 55] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The Victoria University of Wellington registered its QUIPU DSA with Giant Tortoise and is now mastering entries for NEW ZEALAND. Besides the University, the Ministry of Research, Science and Technology is the only other entry under c=NZ at the moment. Also in November, in ITALY, the c=IT node moved from Systems Wizards, the software consultancy based in Ivrea and running its own implementation DirWiz, to CNUCE in Pisa. CNUCE are part of the CNR (Consiglio Nazionale di Ricerca) and are planning to run a QUIPU-based directory service on behalf of GARR, the Italian Research and Academic network. At present the Italian DIT, in addition to CNR, shows INFN and the University of Pisa. CNUCE are also running the top level Internet DNS and it is their intention to experiment using X.500 to store domain information. The PARADISE project set up the domain l=Europe, generating both interest and brickbats. The domain is intended to cater for genuinely pan-European "supranational" activities, and its "naturalness" and justification for existence will be reviewed before the end of the project (December 1992). At present there are three entries: (1) the COSINE project, which though its management unit (the CPMU) arebased in Amsterdam, is effectively a pan-European association of national governmental and policy group representatives, as well as national IXI, MHS and X.500 managers and contact points; (2) projects under the CEC ESPRIT (European Strategic Programme for Research in Information Technology) which have pan-European consortia; (3) the European Space Agency (ESA) have plans to run an experimental pilot before concluding whether to scale up to a full operational directory service across the whole of the ESA network. The last week of November saw the ESPRIT Conference Week in Brussels in which PARADISE demonstrated the Directory on a SUN SPARCstation. A video camcorder was mounted on top of the box, and using a SUN Videopics card, delegates were framed, interrogated and listed in the Directory. This proved an effective way of attracting attention - the results can be seen under: l=europe;o=cosine;ou=ecw though pictures may not be in place until mid-December. The PROOF project which also involves University College London demonstrated Cooper [Page 56] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 the Directory over a primary rate ISDN line which often performed more successfully than the local X.25 switch used by PARADISE. The second PARADISE International Report was published in the last week of November and is now available in hard copy form from: helpdesk@paradise.ulcc.ac.uk It has the same style as the last report but also includes a DUA Survey carried out by Colin Robbins and Paul Barker. The electronic version should be available soon. David Goodman (d.goodman@cs.ucl.ac.uk) PARADISE Project Manager PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 Project --------------------------- The manager of the c=US arc in the global DIT participated in cleaning up the root of the DIT. To this end, the l=North America node was deleted from the DIT as per the agreements reached in the last meeting of the IETF OSI-DS group. In addition, the manager of the c=US arc, in cooperation with the managers of other national arcs worked to ensure consistent replication of national entries among top-level DSAs in order to enhance the operational stability of various Directory pilots. A fix to the "fred" program was installed to circumvent an assumption in the search algorithm used by "fred". The fix will be returned to the maintainers of the quipu software once it is determined that the problem the fix is supposed to resolve no longer exists. In preparation for participation in the NADF Experimental Directory pilot, some discussions were held with other prospective participants to coordinate various details involved in the setup of the pilot. Wengyik Yeong (yeongw@psi.com) PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT PROJECT ----------------------------- The transition of the PSI White Pages Pilot Project to the NADF naming scheme continues. New organizations added to the pilot this past month are: Cooper [Page 57] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 University of Oregon Wengyik Yeong (yeongw@psi.com) Registration Authority Committee (ANSI USA RAC) ----------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION Although this report may seem to point out many complicated issues that remain to be resolved, the good news is that these issues are finally on the surface and may be expected to be solved in the near future, now that they are surfaced. ANSI USA RAC met on November 21, 1992 at ANSI in New York City to consider how ANSI will coordinate its registration authority work with the US Dept of State, CCITT National Committee, Study Group D, which now has a joint interest in these activities for c=US. (SG- D, MHS-MD will meet on Dec 5-6 at the US Dept of State, and will meet jointly with ANSI USA RAC on Dec 6.) The joint ANSI/SG-D(MHS-MD) interest stems from two sources: First, MHS Management Domain naming (ADMD/PRMD) is primarily a CCITT responsibility, since X.400(84) was a CCITT-only Recommendation. ISO was not involved with X.400(84) though it has since become involved for X.400(88) with ISO 10021 (MOTIS). So, both CCITT and ISO Member Bodies in c=us must now involve themselves in resolving any naming issues related to both X.400 and X.500. Second, ISO/CCITT have jointly created a new Alpha-Numeric "Name and OID" tree { joint-iso-ccitt(2) country(16) us(840 } for c=US in a revision of ISO 9834-1, which brings Alpha-Numeric Name and OID registration under joint responsibility of the ISO/CCITT Member bodies in each country, including c=US. The number 16 has recently been assigned to the "country" element of this new joint-iso-ccitt OID tree. The member bodies for c=US are ANSI and the US Dept of State. An additional complication in the present ANSI/MHS-MD situation is that ANSI has already started to register stuff (standards, regions, and organizations) in the original ISO Alpha-numeric name tree { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) }, and now must decide exactly how to "move" to the new tree, after agreement is made with the US Dept of State on administration of the { 2 16 840 } tree. Cooper [Page 58] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 At the USA RAC meeting, it was generally agreed that whatever happens, all prior registered names, and all newly registered names, in either arc, must be regarded as being in a single pool of names, with no names or numbers in either arc to be registered to different registrants! Whether existing registrations in { 1 2 840 } should or should not be copied into and also registered in { 2 16 840 } is for further study, A BRIEF DIGRESSION It is my very strong personal position that having multiple OID values for any registered object is a very bad practice, and I hold that existing registered numbers should not be given a second registration in the new arc unless the registrant specifically applies (with payment of a new fee) for a new registration, and then the applicant must show an understanding of the dangerous issues of assignment of multiple OID values to the same objects before the old OID value is assigned in the new arc { 2 16 840 }. Presumably this new registration would be given the same numeric value in { 2 16 840 } as the old value in { 1 2 840 }, since (by policy) any numeric value assigned to anyone in {1 2 840 } should never be also assigned to anyone else in { 1 16 840 }. I will not go further into the downside of assigning multiple OID values to the same object, other than to note that all implementors must then account for all the alternative possible values in their implementation code. This can only lead to interoperability problems. And it is pointless. ANSI MHS-MD COORDINATION ISSUES The largest part of the USA RAC meeting effort was applied to development of an "ANSI Negotiating Position" for use in a joint meeting with MHS-MD to be held at the US Dept of State in the morning of Dec 6. A reasonable set of alternative coordination arrangements was developed, all of which strive to obtain a single registration agent for all OSI names and identifiers in c=US, whether there might be more than one registry involved or not. It should be noted that the current ANSI registry provides for perpetual care of all registered names and numbers without any exceptions. It is allowed for any name or identifier registration to be transferred to a new owner, but once a numeric identifier is assigned, it cannot be retired and then later reassigned. However, it is possible for an alpha name to be retired (only by an action of its owner), and become available for reassignment to a new applicant. Cooper [Page 59] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 The logic of this is that numeric OID values may be assigned to subordinate objects and subtrees by an any OID owner, and all these subordinate OID assignments are perpetual by the rules of ISO 9834-1. Any reassignment would lead to assignment of the same OID to new objects, without any way to revoke the earlier assignment of the same value to a different object. The situation for ALPHA names is not quite the same, in particular because the names are not used for OID formation in the same way. It helps to think in terms of civil naming systems where alpha names are not assigned for perpetuity. X.500 directory, which is dependent on civil naming, must be able to accommodate rollover of name assignment. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN the OLD and NEW ARCS { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) } and { joint-iso-ccitt(2) country(16) us(840) } First these are two totally separate name and number spaces. Any coordination between them is arbitrary, and "out of band", if I may use this term here to signify that the involved parties must deal with any coordination through procedures that are entirely outside the ISO/CCITT 9834-1 rules of administration of either arc. Aside from the general idea that any number or name assigned in either arc must be either reserved for (or also assigned to) the same object (organization or entity) in the other arc, there is an additional complication to be considered. ISO 9834-1 (original and new versions) defined the formation of a Distinguished Name (DN) as having the country-name (e.g., c=US) as the first level under the "root". This is familiar to all who deal with the idea of a "top level DSA". This is different from the way an OID is formed in these same trees, by using the prefix { 1 2 } or {2 16 }. Therefore, when forming a Distinguished Name (DN) from either tree, { iso member-body } or { joint-iso-ccitt country }, the first element that is visible is { country-name } (e.g., c=US, c=GB, etc). Thus, it is impossible to know whether a name was registered under one or the other or both trees. ISO 9834-1 makes a point of having defined them to overlay each other when used in X.500 Distinguised Names. SO, IT IS IMPERATIVE that in c=US (and in any other country as well), that any alpha-numeric names registered under the { 1 2 } arc be mapped exactly the same way under the { 2 16 } arc, else Cooper [Page 60] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 there might be two entities assigned to the same DN. Therefore, it is strongly recommended (by me) that every country be very careful about coordination between the two arcs. If possible, I suggest that if you have not yet begun to assign names and numbers under { iso(1) member-body(2) }, that you now deprecate such registrations and start your registration processes using only { joint-iso-ccitt(2) country(16) }. NEXT STEPS IN C=US COORDINATION EFFORTS The next step is to hold a joint meeting on Dec 6, 1991 between ANSI USA RAC (USA Registration Authority Committee) and MHS-MD (US Dept of State, CCITT National Committee, Study Group D, MHS Management Domain subcommittee). I am not entirely clear on what happens after USA RAC and MHS-MD come to agreement, but I expect that ANSI USA RAC must submit the joint recommendation to the ANSI ISSB for ratification, while MHS- MD must submit the joint recommendation to SG-D, which must pass it along to the CCITT National Committee, which must pass it along to the US Dept of State for ratification. I have no idea how long this might take. WHAT TO DO IN THE MEANTIME What I (STRONGLY) suggest is that the IETF-OSI-DS simply adopt the NADF Naming Scheme (RFC1255, NADF175) for c=US and get on with the piloting efforts. The NADF175 c=US scheme enables virtually everyone to use their already assigned civil name for DN formation. Only a very few organizations cannot use their commonly preferred names (where they have not yet managed to register these names with some civil authority). If this is important, then they should simply find a way to register their desired names with their desired civil naming authorities. ANSI is one possible registration authority if you must have a name with "national standing registration". I do want to point out however, that such a national standing name is not required, unless you have a strong desire for what I call a National Vanity Name. This is like getting Vanity License Plates. WHAT ABOUT MHS-MD NAMES? I assume you are all curious about this topic, but I note that this report is for the OSI-DS mailing list, which is focused on X.500 naming issues. None-the-less, here is a brief discussion of some possibilities that I have imagined. I do not want to preempt the Cooper [Page 61] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 upcoming joint meeting. The issues center on differences between the basic semantics of X.500 RDN use of names and X.400 ORAddress use of names. X.500 is concerned with unique and unambiguous identification of objects, wherever they may be and whatever they may be. Conceptually, every thinkable entity can be entered in an X.500 DIT. On the other hand, X.400 is concerned only with naming Administration and Private Management Domains (ADMD and PRMD) for use in Addresses of recipients and for use in the process of routing mail from an originator to a recipient. ISO 9834-1 is concerned only with supplying a means for unambiguous identification of objects, while X.400 is additionally concerned with issues of service provider behavior, and concerned with some aspects of enforcement of some rules (to be determined). 9834-1 is thus oriented to perpetual registration, while X.400 is concerned with time limited registration and with periodic renewal requirements. This leads to a value-conflict over the registration fees to be charged (annual vs one-time), and whether the registrar cares about any aspect of the intended use of the name (none vs some). The economics of each are very different (perpetual care cemetery lots vs annual "license" renewal). ANSI fees are high one-time charges, while ADMD and PRMD operators want lower fees, and will accept annual renewal requirements. MHS-MD (and the US Dept of State) might see an MHS-MD name registration as implying an agreement by the applicant to abide by certain rules (to be voluntarily agreed upon by the service providers), which serve to fulfill certain ITU Treaty obligations which are the responsibility of the US Dept of State. I say "might" here because MHS-MD and the US Dept of State have not yet decided exactly what they think about this issue of service provider behavior. Therefore, MHS-MD registration takes on very different characteristics from the current ANSI registration service. The purposes and the behaviors of each registry appear to have serious fundamental differences in their requirements, so the decisions are going to require some very careful thought. NEXT ANSI USA RAC MEETING The next meeting of USA RAC will be held in NYC on Feb 19, 1992. Cooper [Page 62] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Repectfully submitted by Einar Stefferud (Member of USA RAC and MHS-MD) Einar Stefferud (stef@ics.uci.edu) SG-D MHS-MD ----------- Some information on SG-D, MHS-MD activities is included in Einar Stefferud's ANSI USA RAC report above. -Tom Tignor (tpt2@isi.edu) DS Report Coordinator Cooper [Page 63] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 CALENDAR OF EVENTS ------------------ Readers are requested to send in dates of events that are appropriate for this calendar section. 1991 CALENDAR Dec 2-5 4TH INT. WORKSHOP ON PETRI NETS AND PERFORMANCE MODELS, Melbourne, Australia Jonathan Billington, Telecom Austrl. (j.billington @ trl.oz.au) Dec 2-5 GLOBECOM'91, See IEEE Publications. Phoenix, AZ Dec 9-13 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 1992 CALENDAR Jan 13-21 ANSI X3T5 Jan 19 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Jan 20-22 RIPE, Amsterdam Jan 28-30 ANSI X3S3.3, Tucson, AZ Feb 9 T1E1, Physical Layer Interfaces (ISDN, T1, Broadband, etc.) Fish Camp, CA Verilink Feb 19-20 RARE WG1, Location unknown Feb 20-21 RARE Manager Mtg, Location unknown Mar 2 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Mar 2-6 ANSI X3T5 Mar 2-6 CAIA '92 8th IEEE Conference on AI Application Mar 3-5 ACM CSC, Kansas City, MO Mar 9-13 IEEE802 Plenary, Irvine, CA Mar 9-13 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Mar 16-19 Info Netwrk&DataComm, Espoo, FI Espoo, Helsinki, Finland; Contact: IFIP-TC6 IETF, San Diego, CA Megan Davies (mdavies@nri.reston.va.us) Mar 18-20 Computers, Freedom & Privacy II, Grand Hyatt Hotel, Washington, DC Mar 23 T1M1, Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.), Raleigh, NC, Fujitsu Mar 25-27 National Net 92, Washington DC Elizabeth Barnhart (barnhart@educom.edu) Apr 6-16 CCITT SG VII Geneva, Switzerland Apr 21-23 ANSI X3S3.3, Mountaon View, Ca. May 4-6 ANSI X3T5 Cooper [Page 64] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 May 4-8 DECUS '92, Atlanta, GA May 4-8 IEEE INFOCOM'92, See IEEE Pub., Florence May 11 T1E1, Physical Layer Interfaces (ISDN, T1, Broadband, etc.) Williamsburg, VA, Bell Atlantic May 12-14 Joint Network Conference 3, Innsbruck, Austria (this is the RARE Networkshop - renamed) May 13-15 IFIP International Workshop on Protocols for High Speed Networks, Stockholm, Sweden Contact: May 18-25 INTEROP92, Washington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) May 19-29 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada May 27-29 IFIP WG 6.5 Int'l Conference, Vancouver, Canada May ??-?? Third IFIP International Workshop on Protocols for High-Speed Networks, Stockholm Per Gunningberg, per@sics.se Bjorn Pehrson, bjorn@sics.se Stephen Pink, steve@sics.se Jun 8 T1M1, Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.) Minneapolis, MN, ADC TElecom Jun 8-12 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Jun 10-11 RARE WG1, tentative-Location unknown Jun 11-12 RARE COSINE MHS MGR, tentative-Location unknown Jun 14-17 ICC-SUPERCOMM'92, Chicago, IL Jun 15-19 INET92, Kobe, Japan Jun Murai (jun@wide.ad.jp), KEIO University Elizabeth Barnhart (barnhart@educom.edu) "North America Contact" Jun 16-18 ANSI X3S3.3, Minneapolos, MN Jun 22-25 PSTV-XII, Orlando Umit Uyar (umit@honet5.att.com) Jerry Linn or Holmdel, NIST linnrj@ECF.NCSL.NIST.GOV Jun 14-17 ICC-SUPERCOMM'92, Chicago, See IEEE Publ.. Jul 6-10 IEEE802 Plenary, Bloomington, MN Jul 13-17 ANSI X3T5 Jul 13-24 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6, San Diego, CA Aug 2 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Aug 16 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Aug 17-20 SIGCOMM, Baltimore, MD Deepinder Sidhu, UMBC Sep 7-11 IFIP World Congress Madrid, Spain; Contact: IFIP Sep 14-18 ANSI X3T5 Cooper [Page 65] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Sep 21-25 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Sep 22-24 ANSI X3S3.3, Boston, MA Oct 5-8 FORTE'92, Lannion Roland Groz (groz@lannion.cnet.fr) Michel Diaz (diaz@droopy.laas.fr) Oct 26-30 INTEROP92, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Nov 9-13 ANSI X3T5 Dec ANSI X3S3.3, Boulder, CO Dec 7-11 DECUS '92, Las Vegas, NV Dec 14-18 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 1993 CALENDAR Mar 8-12 INTEROP93, Wasington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Mar 8-12 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD May 23-26 ICC'92, Geneva, Switzerland May-Jun PSTV-XIII, University of Liege. Contact: Andre Danthine, May 23-26 ICC'93, Geneva, See IEEE Publications. Jun 7-11 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Aug INET93, San Francisco Bay Area Aug SIGCOMM, San Francisco Sep 13-17 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Sep 20-31 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6, Seoul, Korea. Oct 12-14 Conference on Network Information Processing, Sofia, Bulgaria; Contact: IFIP-TC6 Oct 25-29 INTEROP93, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Nov 9-13 IEEE802 Plenary, LaJolla, CA Dec 6-10 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 1994 CALENDAR Apr 18-22 INTEROP94, Washington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Aug 29-Sep 2 IFIP World Congress Hamburg, Germany; Contact: IFIP Sep 12-16 INTEROP94, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) 1995 EVENTS Sep 18-22 INTEROP95, San Francisco, CA Cooper [Page 66] Internet Monthly Report November 1991 Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) ------------------------------- Note: T1E1: Physical Layer Interfaces (ISDN, T1, Broadband, etc.,) TiMi: Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.) Cooper [Page 67] Presently we were in a very dark road, and at a point where it dropped suddenly between steep sides we halted in black shadow. A gleam of pale sand, a whisper of deep flowing waters, and a farther glimmer of more sands beyond them challenged our advance. We had come to a "grapevine ferry." The scow was on the other side, the water too shoal for the horses to swim, and the bottom, most likely, quicksand. Out of the blackness of the opposite shore came a soft, high-pitched, quavering, long-drawn, smothered moan of woe, the call of that snivelling little sinner the screech-owl. Ferry murmured to me to answer it and I sent the same faint horror-stricken tremolo back. Again it came to us, from not farther than one might toss his cap, and I followed Ferry down to the water's edge. The grapevine guy swayed at our side, we heard the scow slide from the sands, and in a few moments, moved by two videttes, it touched our shore. Soon we were across, the two videttes riding with us, and beyond a sharp rise, in an old opening made by the swoop of a hurricane, we entered the silent unlighted bivouac of Ferry's scouts. Ferry got down and sat on the earth talking with Quinn, while the sergeants quietly roused the sleepers to horse. Plotinus is driven by this perplexity to reconsider the whole theory of Matter.477 He takes Aristotle¡¯s doctrine as the groundwork of his investigation. According to this, all existence is divided into Matter and Form. What we know of things¡ªin other words, the sum of their differential characteristics¡ªis their Form. Take away this, and the unknowable residuum is their Matter. Again, Matter is the vague indeterminate something out of which particular Forms are developed. The two are related as Possibility to Actuality, as the more generic to the more specific substance through every grade of classification and composition. Thus there are two Matters, the one sensible and the other intelligible. The former constitutes the common substratum of bodies, the other the common element of ideas.478 The general distinction between Matter and Form was originally suggested to Aristotle by Plato¡¯s remarks on the same subject; but he differs325 from his master in two important particulars. Plato, in his Timaeus, seems to identify Matter with space.479 So far, it is a much more positive conception than the ?λη of the Metaphysics. On the other hand, he constantly opposes it to reality as something non-existent; and he at least implies that it is opposed to absolute good as a principle of absolute evil.480 Thus while the Aristotelian world is formed by the development of Power into Actuality, the Platonic world is composed by the union of Being and not-Being, of the Same and the Different, of the One and the Many, of the Limit and the Unlimited, of Good and Evil, in varying proportions with each other. The Lawton woman had heard of an officer's family at Grant, which was in need of a cook, and had gone there. [See larger version] On the 8th of July an extraordinary Privy Council was summoned. All the members, of whatever party, were desired to attend, and many were the speculations as to the object of their meeting. The general notion was that it involved the continuing or the ending of the war. It turned out to be for the announcement of the king's intended marriage. The lady selected was Charlotte, the second sister of the Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Apart from the narrowness of her education, the young princess had a considerable amount of amiability, good sense, and domestic taste. These she shared with her intended husband, and whilst they made the royal couple always retiring, at the same time they caused them to give, during their lives, a moral air to their court. On the 8th of September Charlotte arrived at St. James's, and that afternoon the marriage took place, the ceremony being performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury. On the 22nd the coronation took place with the greatest splendour. Mother and girls were inconsolable, for each had something that they were sure "Si would like," and would "do him good," but they knew Josiah Klegg, Sr., well enough to understand what was the condition when he had once made up his mind. CHAPTER V. THE YOUNG RECRUITS Si proceeded to deftly construct a litter out of the two guns, with some sticks that he cut with a knife, and bound with pawpaw strips. His voice had sunk very low, almost to sweetness. A soft flurry of pink went over her face, and her eyelids drooped. Then suddenly she braced herself, pulled herself taut, grew combative again, though her voice shook. HoME²Ô¾®Ïè̫ʲôÐÇ×ù ENTER NUMBET 0016jdzrctc.org.cn
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