~ February 1992 INTERNET MONTHLY REPORTS ------------------------ The purpose of these reports is to communicate to the Internet Research Group the accomplishments, milestones reached, or problems discovered by the participating organizations. This report is for Internet information purposes only, and is not to be quoted in other publications without permission from the submitter. Each organization is expected to submit a 1/2 page report on the first business day of the month describing the previous month's activities. These reports should be submitted via network mail to: Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) NSF Regional reports - Corinne Carroll (ccarroll@NNSC.NSF.NET) Directory Services reports - Tom Tignor (TPT2@ISI.EDU) Requests to be added or deleted from the Internet Monthly report list should be sent to "cooper@isi.edu". Back issues of the Internet Monthly Report can be copied via FTP: FTP> nis.nsf.net Login: anonymous guest ftp> cd imr ls get IMRYY-MM.TXT For example, JUNE 1991 is in the file IMR91-06.TXT. Cooper [Page 1] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTERNET ACTIVITIES BOARD IAB MESSAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 INTERNET RESEARCH REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 AUTONOMOUS NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 END-TO-END SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 RESOURCE DISCOVERY AND DIRECTORY SERVICE. . . . . . . . . page 4 INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 4 Internet Projects BARRNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 8 BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN, INC., . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 8 CERFNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 8 CIX (COMMERCIAL INTERNET EXCHANGE). . . . . . . . . . . . page 9 CONCERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 10 CSUNET (CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NETWORK). . . . . . . page 10 ISI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 11 JVNCNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 13 LOS NETTOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 14 MITRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 14 NEARNET (NEW ENGLAND ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH NETWORK) . . . page 15 NNSC, UCAR/BOLT BERANEK and NEWMAN, INC., . . . . . . . . page 15 NSFNET/ANSNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING. . . . . . . . . . . . page 16 NSFNET/INFORMATION SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 21 NORTHWESTNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 23 PREPnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 23 SAIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 24 SESQUINET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 25 SRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 25 SURANET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 26 UCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 26 DIRECTORY SERVICES ACTIVITIES DIRECTORY SERVICES MESSAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 29 IETF OSIDS & DISI WORKING GROUPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . page 29 FOX - FIELD OPERATIONAL X.500 PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . page 29 ISI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 30 SRI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 30 PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 30 PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 31 CALENDAR OF EVENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 32 Cooper [Page 2] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 IAB MESSAGE No progress to report this month. Bob Braden (Braden@ISI.EDU) INTERNET RESEARCH REPORTS ------------------------- AUTONOMOUS NETWORKS ------------------- The ANRG is still in the process of reorganizing. Deborah Estrin (Estrin@USC.EDU) END-TO-END SERVICES ------------------- No progress to report this month. Bob Braden (Braden@ISI.EDU) RESOURCE DISCOVERY AND DIRECTORY SERVICE ---------------------------------------- In prepartion for a meeting we will hold in March, we have been discussing ideas about supporting resource discovery by building resource content summaries and distributing/caching these summaries according to network topology. The goal is to allow the information to be efficiently searched throughout a wide area network. At the meeting we will discuss techniques for distribution and caching, and ways we can explore these ideas in the context of the various measurement and prototyping efforts being carried out by the group members. Mike Schwartz@latour.cs.colorado.edu. INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS ---------------------------- IETF MONTHLY REPORT for February, 1992 1. The next IETF meeting will be held at the Hyatt Islandia in San Diego from March 16-20, 1992. The Sunday night reception will begin at 6:30 on March 15th. Cooper [Page 3] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 The summer meeting of the IETF has been scheduled for July 13-17 in the Boston/Cambridge area, with the Sunday night registration-reception being held July 12th. Details will be provided in a future Internet Monthly report. 2. The IESG received seven requests to approve the publication of the following Internet Drafts: 1. Character MIBs to Proposed Standard 2. SNMP Security to Proposed Standard 3. Frame Relay MIB to Proposed Standard 4. TCP Extensions for High Performance to Proposed Standard 5. PPP LCP to Proposed Standard 6. PPP Authentication to Proposed Standard 7. PPP Link Quality Monitoring to Proposed Standard Last call notifications were sent to the IETF mailing list by the IESG Secretary. Following the two week Last Call period, the IESG will add these items to its meeting agenda. 3. The IESG made the following recommendations to the IAB during the month of February, 1992: a. IP Forwarding Table MIB be published as a Proposed Standard. A subsequent version of the document, -05, was distributed by the authors, and that is version being evaluated by the IAB. b. Definitions of Managed Objects for the SIP Interface Type be published as a Proposed Standard. c. Definitions of Managed Objects for RS-232-like Hardware Devices be published as a Proposed Standard. d. Definitions of Managed Objects for Parallel-printer-like Hardware Devices be published as a Proposed Standard. e. Definitions of Managed Objects for Character Stream Devices be published as a Proposed Standard. f. Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure be published as a FYI Informational RFC. Cooper [Page 4] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 Additionally, the IESG reviewed the Dynamic Link Control Protocol (DCNL) and informed the RFC Editor that they had no objection to its publication as an experimental RFC. 4. The following Working Group was created during the month of of February: Token Ring Remote Monitoring (trmon) 5. Seventeen Internet Draft Actions were taken between February 1 and 29, 1992: (Revised draft (o), New Draft (+) ) WG I-D Title ------ ------------------------------------------------------- (charmib) o Definitions of Managed Objects for RS-232-like Hardware Devices (iplpdn) o Management Information Base for Frame Relay DTEs (netdata) o Network Database Protocol (pppext) o The Point-to-Point Protocol for the Transmission of Multi-Protocol Datagrams Over Point-to-Point Links (822ext) o Mnemonic Character Sets (822ext) o Character Mnemonics and Character Sets (hubmib) o Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE 802.3 Repeater Devices (rreq) o IP Forwarding Table MIB (x25mib) o SNMP MIB extension for IP over X.25 (x25mib) o SNMP MIB extension for LAPB (x25mib) o SNMP MIB extension for the X.25 Packet Layer (netfax) o A File Format for the Exchange of Images in the Internet (none) o Multiprotocol Interconnect on X.25 and ISDN in the Packet Mode Cooper [Page 5] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 (tcplw) o TCP Extensions for High Performance (netdata) o Network Database Implementation Information (pppext) o PPP Link Quality Monitoring (none) o IP and ARP on HIPPI 6) Three RFC's based on IETF WG activity were produced during the month of February, 1992 RFC Status WG Title ------- -- -------- ------------------------------------------- RFC1298 I (snmp) SNMP over IPX RFC1302 I (nisi) Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure RFC1304 PS (snmp) Definitions of Managed Objects for the SIP Interface Type Phill Gross (pgross@NRI.RESTON.VA.US) Cooper [Page 6] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 INTERNET PROJECTS ----------------- BARRNET ------- In February, BARRNet connected one new T1 site, upgraded one 9600bps site to 56kbps and one 56kpbs site to T1, bringing the total connected membership to 116. Also in February BARRNet deployed cisco beta release 9.0 on three "core" routers, putting OSPF into limited operational use on the cisco platform. Paul Baer (baer@jessica.stanford.edu0 BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN INC. ---------------------------- Inter-Domain Policy Routing During the month of February, we completed extensive testing of the IDPR configuration database software for the "gated" version of IDPR. We have also been communicating with members of the Internet community interested in using IDPR, in preparation for getting IDPR implementations into the Internet. Our objectives in introducing IDPR to the Internet are: (1) To satisfy existing needs for policy-based routing in the Internet. (2) To gain field experience with IDPR in order to determine what must be improved. (3) To prepare for a multiple-site Internet demo of IDPR, with real applications and real networks. If you are interested in using IDPR, please contact msteenst@bbn.com. Jil Westcott (westcott@BBN.COM) CERFNET ------- On Friday, February 28 CERFnet announced a new service offering, Dial n Cerf USA, which allows 800 number dial-in access to CERFnet accounts from around the country. Dial n Cerf USA has the same low installation and monthly costs as CERFnet's other dial-in offerings, and has a set hourly cost which is the same no matter what your location in the country. Cooper [Page 7] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 CERFnet is using a new Autonomous System number - AS 1740. CERFnet is now using the T3 backbone for traffic destined for other networks which are also using the T3. All other traffic remains on the T1. During February CERFnet saw the formation of a new department to serve its users, Network Information Services. New staff members in this group include Susan Calcari, Director, Network Information Services, and Dan Matzke, Network Information Consultant. The first CERFnet User Group meeting was held and approximately 75 users attended from university, research, and commercial organizations. The purpose of the User Group is to provide a formal conduit for communication between CERFnet and its users for planning regional and national Internet services and to facilitate communication among CERFnet users. Susan Calcari (calcaris@cerf.net) CIX (COMMERCIAL INTERNET EXCHANGE) ---------------------------------- The following report outlines CIX-WEST usage for the month of February, 1992. CIX In Out Member Octets Packets Errors Octets Packets Errors --------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- AlterNet 37691705876 91618153 13872 14818226055 79668885 0 CERFnet 22802486844 93674766 26550 27221367284 81745577 0 PSINet 21014273559 90867579 0 39446236007 115173939 0 Starting: Jan 31 1992 at 23:47 Ending: Feb 29 1992 at 23:36 SNMP Polling Intervals: 2747 SNMP Polling Frequency: 15 minutes In - traffic entering the CIX from the CIX member network Out - traffic exiting the CIX into the CIX member network ----- At the present time, approximately 550 networks within AlterNet, CERFNet, and PSINet are using the CIX-WEST. Cooper [Page 8] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 A complete list of networks accessible via the CIX is available via anonymous FTP from cix.org in the file cix.nets. The current revision of this list is: 3-MAR-1992. Send mail to info@cix.org for information regarding the CIX. Mark Fedor (fedor@psi.com) CONCERT ------- Development is underway on a trouble ticket system to be used by the CONCERT NOC in reporting and tracking network related problems. We are trying to incorporate as many of the RFC 1297 features as possible, and to follow the ticket handoff procedures coming out of the IETF UCP working group. The system is being developed from publicly available tools (e.g., it uses the postgres database management system from Berkeley), with the intention that it will be made available to other NOCs. A prototype is now being evaluated at the CONCERT NOC. CONCERT has upgraded its OSI test machines, with the installation of ISODE 7.0, PP 6.0, and SunNET 7.0. When combined, these packages provide full dual-stack (CLNP and RFC-1006) support for the OSI applications X.400 (e-mail), X.500 (white pages), FTAM (file transfer) and VT (virtual terminal). A two day workshop on Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS) was held at MCNC early in February. It was jointly sponsored by NSF and CONCERT and was attended by about 75 people from around the country. Joe Ragland represented CONCERT at the FARNET meeting in Atlanta. Tom Sandoski (tom@concert.net) CSUNET (THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NETWORK) ----------------------------------------------- CSUnet now has three campuses using Compressed Video over it's private T-1 Network (CSUnet). Those campuses are: Sacramento, Dominguez Hills, and Bakersfield. On January 16, 1992, the Vice Presidents of Academic Affairs successfully completed a Video Teleconference between Dominguez Hills and Sacramento using compressed 384kbs. This spring, CSUnet begins a pilot test with the Sprint Meeting Channel. The Chancellor or any CSU campus with a CODEC will be Cooper [Page 9] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 able to set up a Video Teleconference to any other CSU campus/site or directly to locations on the Sprint Meeting Channel. The significance of the pilot is the potential: 1) in that the Sprint Meeting Channel will be available for use across the State of California via CSUnet; and 2) in that CSU campuses and other CSUnet members if equipped with CODEC could meet with organizations outside of California. Mike Marcinkevicz (mdm@CSU.net) ISI --- GIGABIT NETWORKING Joyce Reynolds travelled to Orlando, Florida to the FARNET meetings as an invited participant, February 10-12. Joyce Reynolds gave an Internet seminar on, "User Services Planning in the Internet", on 20 February. Bob Braden gave an invited presentation to the DARPA Local ATM meeting held at DEC SRC in Palo Alto, CA, Thursday, February 27th. The title of his talk was "Resource Allocation - the E2E Viewpoint". Danny Cohen gave a seminar at the CS dept of UCLA on ATOMIC, Tuesday, February 4th. Danny Cohen gave a presentation at the Government/Industry Computing Meeting on: "DoD Force Structure in the year 2020 - One Man's Views", Tuesday, February 18th. Six RFCs were published this month. RFC 1298: Wormley, R., and S. Bostock, "SNMP Over IPX", Novell, Inc., February 1992. RFC 1300: Greenfield, S., "Remembrances of Things Past", Ziff-Davis, February 1992. RFC 1301: Armstrong, S., (XEROX), Freier, A., (APPLE), K. Marzullo (CORNELL), "Multicast Transport Protocol", February 1992. RFC 1302: Sitzler, D. (MERIT), Smith, P., (MERIT), A. Marine (SRI), February 1992, "Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure", February 1992. Cooper [Page 10] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 RFC 1303: McCloghrie, K., (HUGHES), M. Rose, (Dover Beach Consulting), "A Convention for Describing SNMP-based Agents", February 1992. RFC 1304: Cox, T., and K. Tesink, "Definitions of Managed Objects for the SIP Interface Type", Bell Communications Research, February 1992. Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) MULTIMEDIA CONFERENCING On February 18, the IETF Audio/Video Transport working group met via a packet audio teleconference that spanned three continents and 16 timezones. At least 24 people participated from 14 different locations. The packet audio was distributed over an IP multicast topology spanning 30 network segments. In addition, 5 sites directly connected to DARTnet also shared packet video via IP multicast. A second teleconference with some additional sites was held March 5. The primary purpose of these teleconferences was to gauge how well UDP packet audio will work over an IP multicast topology consisting of DARTnet as a transcontinental US backbone plus multicast tunnels reaching out to other sites. The results varied depending upon the paths traversed by the tunnels, but on the whole it worked pretty well. For large scale use of packet audio and video, it is clear that resource management will be required in the network to provide low delay service. These teleconferences were also in preparation for a packet "audiocast" of the general sessions at the March IETF meeting in San Diego. This first audiocast will be a small-scale pilot, but may be expanded for future IETF meetings if successful. Steve Casner, Eve Schooler (casner@ISI.EDU, schooler@ISI.EDU) Cooper [Page 11] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 JVNCNET ------- I. General information A. How to reach us: 1-800-35-TIGER (from anywhere in the United States) by e-mail NOC: noc@jvnc.net Service desk: service@jvnc.net by mail: U.S. mail address: Princeton University B6 von Neumann Hall Princeton, NJ 08544 (Director: Sergio Heker) B. Hours NOC: 24 hours/day, seven days a week Service desk: 9:00 to 5:00 pm, M - F (except holidays) C. Other info available on-line from NICOL Telnet to nicol.jvnc.net. Login ID is nicol and no password. II. New Information A. RFCs on-line To obtain RFCs from the official JvNCnet repository (two methods) ftp nicol.jvnc.net; username: nicol; password: RFC automailer Send email to sendrfc@jvnc.net. Subject line is RFCxxxx. xxxx represents the RFC number. RFCs with three digits only need three digits in the request. B. Operational information JvNCnet availability for January 1992 and February 1992 are 99.75% and 99.92%, respectively. C. New on-line members (fully operational January 1992) Educational Testing Service, Lawrenceville, NJ University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT Ciba-Geigy Research Corporation, Summit, NJ Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Cooper [Page 12] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 E. JvNCnet Symposium on Friday, April 3, 1992 The next symposium in the continuing series will focus on Send Mail, Domain Name Service, and Network News. Specific audience: Highly recommended for network managers and system administrators. Meeting location: Princeton University, 105 Computer Science Bldg. Agenda and logistics will be prepared shortly. For further details, please send email to send email to "symposium@jvnc.net" or call 1-800-35-TIGER. F. Miscellaneous Please stop by the JvNCnet booth at Interop (Washington,DC) and say hello......May 20-22, 1992. Rochelle Hammer (hammer@jvnc.net) LOS NETTOS ---------- Walt Prue attended the first CERFnet Users Group meeting. An agreement with Nrad (NOSC) and CERFnet was reached to do BGP routing with the NSFNET backbone over the 132.249.16.0 subnet from Nrad. This will need to evolve as this DMZ net changes as CERFnet anticipates. We will want to wait until the AGS+ is installed at Nrad so BGP2 may be used. Walt Prue (Prue@Isi.Edu) MITRE CORPORATION ----------------- Work on a white paper concerning OSI packet filtering continued. It will be published to the IETF NOOP working group list in early March. Net management tutorials were aided by the introduction of the "Net Pet" MIB and agent. The audio-based agent (graphics are coming) runs on a Sparc. Commands can be sent (via SET) to the agent, causing a change in mood (seen via GET). This simple model illustrates a MIB-at-a-glance, a feedback loop familiar to all, and the concepts of both monitoring and control. Walt Lazear (lazear@gateway.mitre.org) Cooper [Page 13] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 NEARNET (NEW ENGLAND ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH NETWORK) --------------------------------------------------- NEARnet has grown to 121 members. NEARnet has published and distributed the Winter issue of the NEARnet Newsletter. The February 1992 issue of the electronic bulletin "NEARnet This Month" has been distributed. Past issues of the bulletin are available via anonymous FTP at nic.near.net, in the directory /newsletters/nearnet-this-month. Please note the following correction to last month's entry: the directory for the NEARnet This Month bulletin is nearnet-this-month and not nearnet_this_month, as previously mentioned. Corinne Carroll (ccarroll@nic.near.net) NNSC, UCAR/BOLT BERANEK and NEWMAN, INC. ---------------------------------------- Due to a feature article entitled "Applying the Internet" published in the February 1992 issue of BYTE Magazine, the NNSC has received a tremendous amount of requests for information on the Internet Resource Guide and the Network Provider Referral List. Online information at the NNSC is available via anonymous FTP and also through the NNSC Info-Server, which sends files by electronic mail. To receive the help file from the Info-Server, send a message to info@nnsc.nsf.net with the following text in the body of the message: Request: info Topic: help New or revised documents in the NNSC collection on the nnsc.nsf.net machine are: A shadow copy of the new NSF Backbone Services Acceptable Use Policy. In the nsfnet directory, the filenames are: netuse.txt, (for the text version) and netuse.ps (for the PostScript version). Cooper [Page 14] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 A shadow copy of the PostScript version of the first edition of the "Zen and the Art of the Internet: A Beginner's Guide to the Internet", by Brendan Kehoe of Widener University. In the nsfnet directory, the filenames are: zen-1.0.PS and zen.readme. Corinne Carroll (ccarroll@nnsc.nsf.net) NSFNET/ANSNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING ---------------------------------- Summary ======= The T3 network continues to perform extremely well as it has since last November. During February, we have cut over a significant load of traffic from the T1 backbone to the T3 backbone. Midlevel networks that were cutover to use T3 in February include SURAnet (at both College Park and Atlanta), NyserNet/PSI, San Diego (SDSC and CERFNet), and SesquiNet. These are in addition to the other midlevel & regional networks that have previously been cut over to use the T3 system. We are coordinating with several other midlevel networks that we plan to cutover to T3 during the month of March. The midlevel networks continue to peer with both the T1 and T3 networks, and continue to use the T1 backbone to communicate with sites that have not yet cut over to the T3 backbone. This minimizes the load on the T1/T3 interconnect gateways in Ann Arbor, Houston, and San Diego. The interconnect gateway load has decreased as we have added load to the T3 system. We are also in the process of installing a 4th interconnect gateway at Princeton. The total inbound packet count for the T1 network was 11,253,312,682, up 1.3% from January. 618,694,272 of these packets entered from the T3 network. The total inbound packet count for the T3 network was 3,217,861,812, up 71.6% from January. 470,927,893 of these packets entered from the T1 network. The number of networks announced to the T3 backbone was 2390 as of February 28, up from 1160 at the end of January. As of the last day of February, the T3 backbone was carrying 30% of total traffic. The combined total inbound packet count for the T1 and T3 networks (less cross network traffic) was 13,381,552,329, up 10% from January. Testing of the new RS/960 T3 interfaces has begun on the T3 Research Network. System and unit testing has been in progress Cooper [Page 15] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 since January. Deployment of the new technology will begin in mid- April, with gradual installation taking place on the nodes at one POP at a time. More details on the new technology, testing and rollout plan will be released within the next few weeks. Performance on the T1 backbone has not been as good. A number of problems have been observed, and this is where a large part of our efforts have been focused over the last month. Congestion at NSS 10 has been minimized by cutover of PSI/NyserNet traffic. The "DCD Waffle" problem has at long last been identified as two separate problems, and corrections to these problems are partially deployed with the remaining software updates on the research network in test phase. The "extra ICMP net unreachable" problem has been corrected on the T1 backbone. A recurrent PSP crash is still being analyzed to find a possible RT kernel bug. A routing problem where IS-IS link state PDUs were being truncated was identified, having occurred when some regionals began announcing over 2000 networks to the backbone. A patch to allow up to 2200 networks was made, and a new routing daemon that compresses the encoding of networks in the LSPs is now in test phase. Finally, the RCP nodes are experiencing CPU starvation, as the routing daemon is processing the large and growing number of routes learned from the regional networks. That problem is being addressed by a temporary workaround which suffers a tradeoff for backup capability, the installation of a faster processor board in some nodes, and some optimizations to the routing daemon. T3 Network Status ================= Performance on the T3 network has been very good. There have been reports of intermittent packet loss, but this has been isolated to sources outside of the T3/T1 systems. As we migrate additional traffic onto the T3 network we are collecting daily reports on peak traffic load, and any packet discards on all CNSS/ENSS nodes in order to detect any problems caused by the added load. We are now measuring daily average sustained loads of about 5Mbps across a typical CNSS node (all interfaces) with an average packet size of about 200 bytes. The T3 backbone continues to be very reliable. There was a hardware problem on the backbone CNSS machine at Cleveland that resulted in two outages. We also continue to experience an occasional black link on CNSS-CNSS links. With the redundancy in the T3 network, none of these problems have resulted in extended outages for any end users. There was also a routing software problem with the flooding of external BGP updates between the IBM and Cisco routers which we have worked around. Cooper [Page 16] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 An SNMP monitoring problem proved to be an interesting case. One night the NOC staff observed that the monitor (rover) was reporting all circuits on the T3 backbone being down at once, though it did not report any nodes themselves as being unreachable. This problem was traced to a buffer overflow condition in the internal communication between the snmpd and smux.routed programs. It seems that the 44th autonomous system was announced to the backbone that day, that this caused the data structure that was passed between the two programs to overflow the buffer. This caused an SNMP error code to be returned to rover, so that it knew the nodes were responding but could not get any information on interfaces or circuits of any kind. This situation lasted for several hours and did not actually disrupt any network activity or affect user traffic. It was corrected temporarily by disabling the peering sessions with several internal backbone cisco AS's that were not being used by any customers, and more permanently by installing a new version of the rcp_routed and smux.routed programs. T1->T3 Cutover Status ===================== Cutover of traffic began in February as part of the plan begun in December with the "stability period". Following that period, a number of software enhancements were made to the backbone routers, and traffic was cut over one regional (autonomous system) at a time beginning in February. The following schedule shows sites that have been cut over and indicates a proposed date for new cutovers. The Merit staff has been working with the folks at each regional to plan the cutover and routing plan. Cutovers completed: Feb 11: Suranet AS 86 College Park Feb 19: PSI AS 174 Ithaca SURAnet AS 279 Georgia Tech (Atlanta) Feb 20: OARnet AS 690 Columbus Feb 25: Sesquinet AS 280 and 114 Houston San Diego AS 195 Cutovers scheduled: Mar 11: JVNC AS 97 Princeton Mar 18: UIUC AS 38 Mar 25: Midnet AS 93 Lincoln Apr 1: Westnet-E AS 209 Boulder Apr 7: CICnet 267 Champaign, Ann Arbor Cooper [Page 17] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 T1 Network Status Summary ========================= DCD Waffle Problem on T1 Backbone ================================= This problem was difficult to track down. In short, the problem was broken down into two parts: 1) short duration DCD outages being handled incorrectly by the NSS, and 2) T1 interface card freezes not being reset properly. --Short Duration DCD Outages The Cylink ACSUs on the T1 backbone are configured to drop the DCD signal on the interface to the RT when an alarm condition occurs on the circuit. The number of allowable alarm conditions per day varies with circuit mileage and other issues. These alarms are due to errored seconds or out of frame conditions. If the number of alarms on a circuit exceeds the threshold for that circuit, MCI is notified and takes immediate action to resolve the problem. The original intent on the configuration for DCD transition was that the routers could produce a network management alarm when a threshold was exceeded so that the NOC could take action. However this implementation was flawed. The actual behavior of the router was that a logical link outage of up to 2-3 minutes could occur even for a momentary DCD/alarm condition. Further, this interval was short enough that the NOC would not necessarily notice it since it would appear on the problem screen for at most one polling interval (less than 5 minutes), and there is a possibility it would not appear at all. Thus, the original intent of having the NOC notice problems on circuits before the users notice so that advance action could be taken was not valid. To resolve this, a decision to configure the software to ignore DCD transitions was made. This is an interim change, until there is a design and implementation of a new system to detect short duration circuit alarms. A routing daemon was deployed that ignores signals from the T1 driver when DCD fluctuates. A further change to the T1 card driver in the kernel is being deployed in Build 280, which notably protects split-EPSP links from being affected by this problem. Full deployment of this kernel was completed the last week of February. --T1 Interface Freeze Problem Due to a known microcode problem on the T1 interface card, these cards go into a frozen condition where no traffic is passed, up to several times per day. The recovery from this was that a background Cooper [Page 18] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 process would detect this condition and reset the card when this happened. However, after analyzing the script that performs the reset, it was observed that the reset did not occur for 1-2 minutes after the freeze condition began. This guaranteed a routing transition and additional delay before the logical link would be useful again. A new version of the reset script (known as "ricd") has been deployed This version performs additional logging, has a shorter time to reset, and also definitively identifies which interface has frozen (ie. local interface or remote end). The logging allows us to take action to replace a card that has been freezing too many times. Also in the process of analyzing this problem, a daily internal report has been implemented which gives statistics on how many DCD and interface reset conditions have occurred on each node. This has been very helpful in tracking problems, and we will continue to use and enhance this report for generating action items to improve performance. Congestion at NSS 10 (Ithaca) Congestion at NSS10 has been minimized by cutover of PSI/NyserNet traffic to the T3 system. We also replaced the PSP-10-16 node to ensure that we were not having any intermittent hardware problems. T1 Backbone Circuit Outages We recorded an above average number of T1 circuit outages reported during February. The increase in outages was largely due to two unrelated fiber cuts in the MCI network during the week of 2/17. IS-IS Link State PDU Truncation Problem Due to the increasing number of networks advertised by the regionals to the backbone, the interior routing protocol data units (IS-IS PDUs) which convey this information between nodes, grew to the point where they exceeded the maximum packet size supported (25KB). The symptom was that routing announcements were truncated and reachability information was not consistently conveyed between T1 backbone nodes. This was patched quickly by deployment of a new rcp_routed daemon that allowed a 32KB PDU size. This allows 2200 routes to be carried rather than 2000, which buys a few weeks time given the growth in the Internet. Cooper [Page 19] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 A longer term solution is now being deployed. A further enhancement to the rcp_routed includes a two phased change to compress the encoding of network numbers within the IS-IS PDU. These changes are being deployed along with performance enhancements to the routing software to prevent the CPU starvation conditions outlined below. Routing Control Processor CPU Starvation The large number of routes carried in the IS-IS packets on the T1 backbone caused another problem, namely CPU starvation when the routing daemon generates or processes the long PDUs. This situation is independent of the amount of traffic on the T1 backbone, and will simply increase as the number of networks announced to the T1 backbone increases. As long as the T1 backbone is being used for backup purposes for the T3 backbone, the T1 must carry these routes. This problem is being addressed in several ways: 1) Temporarily eliminate use of T1/T3 interconnect as backup for T1 sites to reach sites that have cut over to T3. This allows a reduced set of networks to be announced to the T1 nodes, and gives the RCPs some breathing room. This is clearly not an acceptable condition, as it removes the backup capability, but is necessary to allow several of the more heavily loaded RCPs to run. 2) Install faster processor cards ("EAPC") in the RT nodes. There are a limited number of these cards available, and they are currently being deployed in the RCPs and PSPs in which they are needed. RCP-13-1 at Palo Alto was particularly heavily affected by these problems. 3) Deploy the new rcp_routed program described above. This version contains code optimizations which should allow more efficient CPU utilization. Mark Knopper, mak@merit.edu Jordan Becker, becker@ans.net NSFNET/INFORMATION SERVICES --------------------------- At the close of February, 1992, 4,775 nets have been configured for announcement on the NSFNET infrastructures. Of this total, 2,390 nets are configured for T3 announcement, and 1,601 nets are located outside of the United States. Venezuela and South Africa are the most recent international connections to the NSFNET. A discussion of packet traffic for February on the NSFNET, as well as an Cooper [Page 20] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 engineering update, may be found in the NSFNET/ANSNET Backbone Engineering report to the Internet Monthly Report. The NSF Division of Networking and Communications Research and Infrastructure has issued The NSFNET Backbone Services Acceptable Use Policy. This statement supercedes the interim acceptable use policy previously cited and agreed to by nets configured for announcement on the NSFNET Backbone. The new policy is available for anonymous ftp from NIS.NSF.NET as acc-use.ps (a postscript version) in the directory CISE. Also available via e-mail query to the NIS.NSF.NET server, send mail to nis-info@nis.nsf.net with the first line of text (not subject) send netuse.txt NSFNET and FARNET will be hosting "The Internet in Action," a demonstration booth at National Net '92. FARNET members and all regionals are encouraged to participate in an exhibition of WAIS, gopher, Cleveland FreeNet and other tools to navigate Internet resources. Regional newsletters, users guides, documentation, brochures and K-12 materials are desired contributions. A list of materials available for anonymous FTP from regional sites is also being compiled for distribution at Net '92. Contact Laura Kelleher (lak@merit.edu), Merit/NSFNET Information Services, for further details on how to participate. Kelleher and Mark Davis-Craig, of the Merit Technical Support Group, attended the Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) Conference at MCNC on February 3 & 4. Elise Gerich and Jessica Yu were the Merit Internet Engineering representatives to the NREN architecture meeting convened by the FEPG. Gerich also attended the meeting of the FEPG in San Francisco, February 25-27. Eric Aupperle, President of Merit Network, Inc. and Mark Knopper, manager of Merit Internet Engineering, met with the National Science Foundation and NEARNET in Washington, D.C. Ellen Hoffman, manager of Merit/NSFNET Information Services, attended the User and Nic Services committee meeting which preceeded the FARNET workshop held in Orlando, Florida. Hoffman, Gerich, Knopper, and Dale Johnson represented Merit at the FARNET meeting. Jim Williams has joined Merit Network, Inc. as the Associate Director for National Networking. Jim is known to the Internet community through his participation on the FARNET Board and his leadership at the University of Nevada System. Cooper [Page 21] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 Early registration for "Making Your NSFNET Connection Count," a Merit Networking Seminar scheduled for June 1 & 2 in Las Vegas, NV, is open. Donna Cox, NCSA; Art St. George, UNM; Tom Grudner, NTPN; and George Brett, MCNC, are among the several speakers who will discuss "Navigating the Internet." Topics in "Network Tools and Futures" will be addressed by Ann Okerson, ARL; Linda Delzite, NPTN; and Phil Gross, ANS. Limited scholarships are available. To receive the agenda and registration details, send electronic mail to seminar@merit.edu or call 1-800-66-MERIT. Jo Ann Ward (jward@merit.edu) NORTHWESTNET ------------ On February 20, 1992 NorthWestNet held the first of three training sessions for K-12 educators as part of a prototype project co- sponsored by the University of Washington, a NorthWestNet founding member. The project involves six schools in Washington and Oregon states and is designed to encourage use of the Internet in curriculum development, educational reform, and collaboration among K-12 teachers. Close to 50 educators attended the first class, which covered Internet applications such as email, file transfer, Archie, and news groups. The class was taught by University of Washington staff from Central Computing and faculty from the College of Education. NorthWestNet 15400 SE 30th Place, Suite 202 Phone: (206) 562-3000 Bellevue, WA 98007 Fax: (206) 562-4822 Dr. Eric S. Hood, Executive Director Dan L. Jordt, Director of Technical Services Schele Gislason, Administrative Assistant Schele Gislason (schele@nwnet.net) PREPNET ------- PREPnet had four new members in February. Shadyside Hospital and Ansoft Corp. will be connected to the Pittsburgh hub via a T1 link. Community College of Allegheny County will be connected to the Pittsburgh hub via a 56Kbps link. Feith Systems and Software use a dial-up connection to the Philadelphia terminal server. Cooper [Page 22] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 Tom Bajzek, PREPnet Executive Director, and Tony Zikesh, Bell of PA Network Operations Manager, participated in the FARNET "Hardening the Regionals" workshop on February 11th - 12th. Bell of PA is the contracted PREPnet NOC. Tom Bajzek was reelected as the FARNET Secretary. PREPnet NIC (prepnet+@andrew.cmu.edu) SAIC ---- SAIC Activities for February During the month of February, the integration of the IDPR parser with gated was begun. Removal of the old inter-process communication mechanisms was scheduled for later, but in order to allow more complete testing of the modules as they incorporate the database utilities, it is being resolved first. A new interface to CMTP has been defined that will simplify packet generation and significantly reduce the number of memory allocation calls. The new scheme allows for re-use of most message buffers, and preloads many of the fields in CMTP headers further reducing copying. The MIB has been completed, although it requires a few days of editing before a new submission is made. The solution for the representation of policies has been to use the OPAQUE object type. This may generate some controversy, however, the alternatives were unacceptable. Chi Chu continued work on NVLAP, although poor connectivity to DCEC and hardware problems on the development host have caused considerable difficulties. Ken Carlberg is continuing work on the prototype that uses multicast extensions to CLNP. Planned Activities: Integration and testing of the VGP module. We may be able to install SNMP management via the SMUX interface in gated. This will provide both an extra debugging tool and allow experimentation with the IDPR MIB. Robert "Woody" Woodburn (woody@sparta.com) Cooper [Page 23] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 SESQUINET --------- Sesquinet expanded to 35 member institutions this month with the additions of Advanced Network Technology in Waco, TX, the Prairie View A&M School of Nursing in Houston, TX, and Northern Telecom in Dallas, TX. Sesquinet was moved over to the T3 backbone on February 26 and is now routing all traffic over the T3. Problem status information is now available by fingering noc@sesqui.net. Evan Wetstone (evan@rice.edu) SRI ---- SRI's Network Information System Center (NISC) updated the RFC Index in response to each RFC issued in February. There were six RFCs issued in February 1992. The RFC Index contains citations of all RFCs issued to date in reverse numeric order. It's also a quick reference to determine if any RFC has been obsoleted and gives a pointer to the replacement RFC. The RFC Index also supplies the equivalent FYI number, if the RFC was also issued as an FYI document. Paper copies of all RFCs are available from SRI, either individually or on a subscription basis (for more information contact nisc@nisc.sri.com or call 1-415-859-6387). Online copies are available via FTP from ftp.nisc.sri.com as rfc/rfc####.txt or rfc/rfc####.ps (#### is the RFC number without leading zeroes). Additionally, RFCs may be requested through electronic mail from SRI's automated mail server by sending a message to mail- server@nisc.sri.com. In the body of the message, indicate the RFC to be sent, e.g. "send rfcNNNN" where NNNN is the number of the RFC. For PostScript RFCs, specify the extension, e.g. "send rfcNNNN.ps". Multiple requests can be sent in a single message by specifying each request on a separate line. The RFC Index can be requested by typing "send rfc-index". The update to the TCP-IP CD-ROM is now available from the NISC. The update contains all RFCs issued through Feb. 7, 1992. New Cooper [Page 24] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 information, such as Release 7.0 of the ISODE software and source code for the X window system (version 11, release 5), is also included. Document files are now compatible with DOS, UNIX and Macintosh systems as well. Sue Kirkpatrick (sue@NISC.SRI.COM) SURANET ------- Two SURAnet staff members attended the February NSFnet Advanced Topics meeting hosted by Merit. As part of the changeover to SURAnet's new topology, collocation equipment has been installed in 12 MCI Points of Presense. The remaining six collocation sites will be installed during February. Two new people have joined SURAnet. Erik Sherk has joined the staff as a Network Engineer and Kurt Lidl has joined the NIC to strengthen its technical expertise. SURAnet is holding a User Services Meeting in Atlanta on March 9th and 10th. A one day seminar on the Internet is being held in College Park on April 20th and a Technical Seminar is planned for June. For further details contact info@sura.net Peter Liebscher (plieb@sura.net) UCL ---- In Policy Based Routing area, we are liasing with ULCC and the JANET IP Service, and hope to be in BGP pilot in RIPE - Tony Bates from ULCC is attending RIPE Meetings. On a lighter note, we believe GB is now registered. In multimedia program, Peter Kirstein has circulated a revised European proposal for an infrastructure for Multi-media conferencing in the EC, with interworking to the US. On a lesser scale in some senses, but broader in others, UCL took part in the voice conference with ISI/BBN/DARTNET/OZ/Sweden et al, as reported elsewhere by Steve Casner. Problems at UCL may have been partly caused by queueing delay variations for IP packets with options in some gateways, Cooper [Page 25] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 The following project in authentication and security is just starting at UCL: PILOTING AUTHENTICATION AND SECURITY SERVICES WITHIN OSI APPLICATIONS FOR RTD INFORMATION (PASSWORD) COLLABORATORS: University College London (Coordinating Partner) Cambridge U DANET E3X GMD INRIA XTEL PROJECT SUMMARY The project will last for 21 months, with the technical development concentrated into the first 15 months, and the last six months being for pilots with ever larger numbers of users and sites. The project will determine the Security Services required in the Research and Technical Development (RTD) community for the provision of specific OSI Applications. The services to be examined will include the following: Authentication Services, Directory Services, Message Handling Services, and Document Handling Services. By offering a variety of pilot services to the user communities, we expect to obtain an understanding of the requirements related to data access, data integrity, and data confidentiality for RTD Community information. We aim to demonstrate that the pilot services we introduce can be implemented within the research user environment without hampering unduly the overall openness and usability of the systems, and provide an assessment of the usability of the provided services. The project aims to demonstrate that a security architecture can be identified which allows usage of a common set of security services for the above applications. The project aims to introduce pilot cryptographic security services in some of the sites connected to the European National Research Networks. These should be able to be incremental additions to existing services. To ensure a reasonably open set of facilities, we will provide more than one toolkit of security components to provide at least the following: RSA Public Key systems, MD4 Hash Functions, DES symmetric encryption/ decryption for confidentiality, and certificates based on the above. Cooper [Page 26] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 We will provide Authentication Services using X.509, with multiple implementations of this core technology. The certificates will be distributed by X.500 directory services. We will provide implementations of tools to manage a distributed authentication service using multiple Certification Authorities with different implementations, and cross-certification. The structure of the Certification Services will be provided taking due care of potential scaling issues - thus we will liaise closely with US activities which are looking at these same problems in the context of the intoduction of Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) in the Internet. We aim to provide a framework for the organisational and operational aspects of introducing certain security services within the European RTD networking infrastructure. We propose to implement a key distribution scheme, which will be workable for the proposed user community. John Crowcroft (j.crowcroft@CS.UCL.AC.UK) Cooper [Page 27] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 DIRECTORY SERVICES ------------------ This section of the Internet Monthly is devoted to efforts working to develop directory services that are for, or effect, the Internet. We would like to encourage any organization with news about directory service activities to use this forum for publishing brief monthly news items. The current reporters list includes: o IETF OSIDS Working Group [included] o IETF DISI Working Group [no] o Field Operational X.500 Project - ISI [included] - Merit [no] - PSI [no] - SRI [included] o National Institute of Standards and Technology [no] o North American Directory Forum [no] o OSI Implementor's Workshop [no] o PARADISE Project [no] o PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 Project [included] o PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT [included] o Registration Authority Committee (ANSI USA RAC [no] o U.S. Department of State, Study Group D, [no] MHS Management Domain subcommittee (SG-D MHS-MD) [no] Tom Tignor (tpt2@isi.edu) DS Report Coordinator IETF OSIDS WORKING GROUP ------------------------ Not much to report. Will save until March. Steve Hardcastle-Kille (s.kille@cs.ucl.ac.uk) FOX -- FIELD OPERATIONAL X.500 PROJECT -------------------------------------- The FOX project is a DARPA and NSF sponsored effort to provide a basis for operational X.500 deployment in the NREN/Internet. This work is being carried out at Merit, NSYERNet/PSI, SRI and ISI. ISI is the main contractor and responsible for project oversight. Cooper [Page 28] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 ISI --- ISI is currently updating its DSA data so that it conforms exactly to our phone listing. This will enable us to automatically (programatically) determine differences between our EDBs and the phone list, which is updated each month. Like so many others, we are also preparing for the IETF conference in San Diego. Tom Tignor (tpt2@isi.edu) SRI ---- No internet-related progress to report this month. Ruth Lang (rlang@nisc.sri.com) PSI DARPA/NNT X.500 Project --------------------------- Software to load information from Domain Name System zone files into the DIT was completed, and is now undergoing testing. Testing continues on the version of the NADF KAN software that reflects changes made to the NADF agreements at the last NADF meeting. Some modifications and enhancements have been made to the software by PSI, which will be fed back to the authors of the software. Development was begun on software to generate KAN updates from the DIT (this software complements the NADF KAN software). A major module of this software is almost complete and will probably be ready for testing in the next few weeks. An initial draft of the Lightweight Directory Browsing Protocol (LDBP) was completed, and has been released for comment by the IETF OSI-DS group. An initial draft specifying encodings of attribute syntaxes for use by the lightweight directory protocols was completed and has been released for comment by the IETF OSI-DS group. Wengyik Yeong (yeongw@psi.com) Cooper [Page 29] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 PSI WHITE PAGES PILOT PROJECT ----------------------------- To provide "local" access to European information, as well as to serve as backups, the c=US Master and Slave, cn=Alpaca and cn=Fruit Bat are now slaving l=Europe. New organizations added to the pilot this month are: Rochester Institute of Technology Harvard University McDonnell Douglas Corporation Wengyik Yeong (yeongw@psi.com) Cooper [Page 30] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 CALENDAR -------- Readers are requested to send in dates of events that are appropriate for this calendar section. 1992 CALENDAR Mar 2 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Mar 2-6 ANSI X3T5 Mar 2-6 CAIA '92 8th IEEE Conference on AI Application Mar 3-5 ACM CSC, Kansas City, MO Mar 9-13 IEEE802 Plenary, Irvine, CA Mar 9-13 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Mar 16-18 Multipeer/Multicast Forum, Orlando, Fl, (mloper@ucf1vm.cc.ucf.edu) Mar 16-19 INDC-92 (Info Networks & Data Communication) Espoo, Helsinki, Finland indc92@cs.helsinki.fi, tienari@cs.helsinki.fi Mar 16-19 Int'l Zurich Seminar on Digital Comm. Zurich, Contact: schlegel@tech.ascom.ch Mar 16-20 IETF, San Diego, CA Megan Davies (mdavies@nri.reston.ca.us) Mar 18-20 Computers, Freedom & Privacy II, Grand Hyatt Hotel, Washington, DC Mar 23 T1M1, Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.), Raleigh, NC, Fujitsu Mar 25-27 National Net 92, Washington DC Elizabeth Barnhart (barnhart@educom.edu) Apr 6-16 CCITT SG VII Geneva, Switzerland Apr 21-23 ANSI X3S3.3, Mountaon View, Ca. May 4-6 ANSI X3T5 May 4-8 DECUS '92, Atlanta, GA May 4-8 IEEE INFOCOM'92, See IEEE Pub., Florence, Italy May 11 T1E1, Physical Layer Interfaces (ISDN, T1, Broadband, etc.) Williamsburg, VA, Bell Atlantic May 12-14 Joint Network Conference 3, Innsbruck, Austria (this is the RARE Networkshop - renamed) May 13-15 Third IFIP International Workshop on Protocols for High Speed Networks, Stockholm, Sweden Contact: Per Gunningberg, per@sics.se Bjorn Pehrson, bjorn@sics.se, Stephen Pink, steve@sics.se Cooper [Page 31] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 May 18-25 INTEROP92, Washington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) May 19-29 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada May 27-29 IFIP WG 6.5 Int'l Conference on Upper Layer Protocols, Architectures and Applications Vancouver, Canada plattner Gerald Neufeld Jun 8 T1M1, Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.) Minneapolis, MN, ADC TElecom Jun 8-12 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Jun 10-11 RARE WG1, tentative-Location unknown Jun 11-12 RARE COSINE MHS MGR, tentative-Location unknown Jun 14-17 ICC-SUPERCOMM'92, Chicago, IL. See IEEE Publ.. Jun 15-19 INET92, Kobe, Japan Jun Murai (jun@wide.ad.jp), KEIO University Elizabeth Barnhart (barnhart@educom.edu) "North America Contact" Jun 16-18 ANSI X3S3.3, Minneapolos, MN Jun 22-25 PSTV-XII, Orlando, Florida Umit Uyar, ATT Bell Labs, Jerry Linn, NIST Jun 29-Jul 1 Fourth Workshop on Computer-Aided Verification (CAV 92); see Sigact News, Vol, 22 No. 4 Montreal Canada G. Bockmann: bochmann@iro.umontreal.ca Jul 6-10 IEEE802 Plenary, Bloomington, MN Jul 13-17 ANSI X3T5 Jul 13-24 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6, San Diego, CA Aug 2 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Aug 16 T1S1, Call Control and Signaling (ISDN, Frame Relay, Broadband ATM) Aug 17-20 SIGCOMM, Baltimore, MD Deepinder Sidhu, UMBC Aug 18-21 ACM SIGCOMM '92, Baltimore, Maryland Aug 24-27 CONCUR '92 -- Third Int'l Conference on Concurrency Theory (Paper deadline March 1, 1992) Rance Cleaveland (rance@csc.ncsu.edu) Scott Smolka (sas@sunysb.edu) Stony Brook Sep 7-11 12th IFIP World Computer Congress Madrid, Spain; Contact: IFIP92@dit.upm.es Sep 14-18 ANSI X3T5 Sep 21-25 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Sep 22-24 ANSI X3S3.3, Boston, MA Cooper [Page 32] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 Sep 28-30 5th IFIP International Workshop on Protocol Test Systems (IWPTS), Montreal, Canada iwpts@iro.umontreal.ca Oct 12-16 FORTE'92, Lannion, France Roland Groz (groz@lannion.cnet.fr) Michel Diaz (diaz@droopy.laas.fr) Oct 26-30 INTEROP92, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Oct 28-29 NETWORKS '92, Trivandrum, India S.V. Raghavan (raghavan@shiva.ernet.in) Nov 9-13 ANSI X3T5 Dec ANSI X3S3.3, Boulder, CO Dec 6-9 GLOBECOM '92, Orlando, Florida (See IEEE Publications) Dec 7-11 DECUS '92, Las Vegas, NV Dec 14-18 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 1993 CALENDAR Mar 8-12 INTEROP93, Wasington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Mar 8-12 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Apr 18-23 IFIP WG 6.6 Third International Symposium on Integrated Network Management, Sheraton Palace Hotel, San Francisco, CA (kzm@hls.com) May 23-26 ICC'92, Geneva, Switzerland May-Jun PSTV-XIII, University of Liege. Contact: Andre Danthine, May 23-26 ICC '93, Geneva, See IEEE Publications. Jun 7-11 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Aug 18-21 INET93, San Francisco Bay Area Aug 23-27 INTEROP93, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Aug SIGCOMM, San Francisco Sep ?? 6th SDL Forum, Darmstadt Ove Faergemand (ove@tfl.dk) Sep 13-17 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Sep 20-31 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6, Seoul, Korea. Oct 12-14 Conference on Network Information Processing, Sofia, Bulgaria; Contact: IFIP-TC6 Nov 9-13 IEEE802 Plenary, LaJolla, CA Dec 6-10 OIW, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD Cooper [Page 33] Internet Monthly Report February 1992 1994 CALENDAR Apr 18-22 INTEROP94, Washington, D.C. Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) Aug 29-Sep 2 IFIP World Congress Hamburg, Germany; Contact: IFIP Sep 12-16 INTEROP94, San Francisco Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) 1995 CALENDAR Sep 18-22 INTEROP95, San Francisco, CA Dan Lynch (dlynch@interop.com) ------------------------------- Note: T1E1: Physical Layer Interfaces (ISDN, T1, Broadband, etc.,) T1M1: Management and Maintenance (ISDN, Broadband, Frame Relay, etc.) Cooper [Page 34] Presently we were in a very dark road, and at a point where it dropped suddenly between steep sides we halted in black shadow. A gleam of pale sand, a whisper of deep flowing waters, and a farther glimmer of more sands beyond them challenged our advance. We had come to a "grapevine ferry." The scow was on the other side, the water too shoal for the horses to swim, and the bottom, most likely, quicksand. Out of the blackness of the opposite shore came a soft, high-pitched, quavering, long-drawn, smothered moan of woe, the call of that snivelling little sinner the screech-owl. Ferry murmured to me to answer it and I sent the same faint horror-stricken tremolo back. Again it came to us, from not farther than one might toss his cap, and I followed Ferry down to the water's edge. The grapevine guy swayed at our side, we heard the scow slide from the sands, and in a few moments, moved by two videttes, it touched our shore. Soon we were across, the two videttes riding with us, and beyond a sharp rise, in an old opening made by the swoop of a hurricane, we entered the silent unlighted bivouac of Ferry's scouts. Ferry got down and sat on the earth talking with Quinn, while the sergeants quietly roused the sleepers to horse. Plotinus is driven by this perplexity to reconsider the whole theory of Matter.477 He takes Aristotle¡¯s doctrine as the groundwork of his investigation. According to this, all existence is divided into Matter and Form. What we know of things¡ªin other words, the sum of their differential characteristics¡ªis their Form. Take away this, and the unknowable residuum is their Matter. Again, Matter is the vague indeterminate something out of which particular Forms are developed. The two are related as Possibility to Actuality, as the more generic to the more specific substance through every grade of classification and composition. Thus there are two Matters, the one sensible and the other intelligible. The former constitutes the common substratum of bodies, the other the common element of ideas.478 The general distinction between Matter and Form was originally suggested to Aristotle by Plato¡¯s remarks on the same subject; but he differs325 from his master in two important particulars. Plato, in his Timaeus, seems to identify Matter with space.479 So far, it is a much more positive conception than the ?λη of the Metaphysics. On the other hand, he constantly opposes it to reality as something non-existent; and he at least implies that it is opposed to absolute good as a principle of absolute evil.480 Thus while the Aristotelian world is formed by the development of Power into Actuality, the Platonic world is composed by the union of Being and not-Being, of the Same and the Different, of the One and the Many, of the Limit and the Unlimited, of Good and Evil, in varying proportions with each other. The Lawton woman had heard of an officer's family at Grant, which was in need of a cook, and had gone there. [See larger version] On the 8th of July an extraordinary Privy Council was summoned. All the members, of whatever party, were desired to attend, and many were the speculations as to the object of their meeting. The general notion was that it involved the continuing or the ending of the war. It turned out to be for the announcement of the king's intended marriage. The lady selected was Charlotte, the second sister of the Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Apart from the narrowness of her education, the young princess had a considerable amount of amiability, good sense, and domestic taste. These she shared with her intended husband, and whilst they made the royal couple always retiring, at the same time they caused them to give, during their lives, a moral air to their court. On the 8th of September Charlotte arrived at St. James's, and that afternoon the marriage took place, the ceremony being performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury. On the 22nd the coronation took place with the greatest splendour. Mother and girls were inconsolable, for each had something that they were sure "Si would like," and would "do him good," but they knew Josiah Klegg, Sr., well enough to understand what was the condition when he had once made up his mind. CHAPTER V. THE YOUNG RECRUITS Si proceeded to deftly construct a litter out of the two guns, with some sticks that he cut with a knife, and bound with pawpaw strips. His voice had sunk very low, almost to sweetness. A soft flurry of pink went over her face, and her eyelids drooped. Then suddenly she braced herself, pulled herself taut, grew combative again, though her voice shook. HoME²Ô¾®Ïè̫ʲôÐÇ×ù ENTER NUMBET 0016fair1st.com.cn
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