~ December 1994 INTERNET MONTHLY REPORTS ------------------------ The purpose of these reports is to communicate to the Internet Research Group the accomplishments, milestones reached, or problems discovered by the participating organizations. This report is for Internet information purposes only, and is not to be quoted in other publications without permission from the submitter. Each organization is expected to submit a 1/2 page report on the first business day of the month describing the previous month's activities. These reports should be submitted via network mail to: Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) NSF Regional reports - To obtain the procedure describing how to submit information for the Internet Monthly Report, send an email message to mailserv@is.internic.net and put "send imr-procedure" in the body of the message (add only that one line; do not put a signature). Requests to be added or deleted from the Internet Monthly report list should be sent to "imr-request@isi.edu". Details on obtaining the current IMR, or back issues, via FTP or EMAIL may be obtained by sending an EMAIL message to "rfc- info@ISI.EDU" with the message body "help: ways_to_get_imrs". For example: To: rfc-info@ISI.EDU Subject: getting imrs help: ways_to_get_imrs Cooper [Page 1] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTERNET ARCHITECTURE BOARD INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 3 Internet Projects ANSNET/NSFNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING . . . . . . . . . . . page 7 DANTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 7 INTERNIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 10 ISI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 15 MERIT/NSFNET ENGINEERING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 27 MIDNET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 29 NORTHWESTNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 30 PREPnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 34 SPRINT NAP PI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 35 UCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 36 USER SERVICES REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 37 CALENDAR OF EVENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 49 TERENA CALENDAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 53 Cooper [Page 2] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 INTERNET RESEARCH REPORTS ------------------------- INTERNET ENGINEERING REPORTS ---------------------------- 1. The IETF met for the third time this year in San Jose, California. This meetings was hosted by Sun Microsystems, with network connectivity being supplied by Barrnet. Though the numbers are still unofficial, this meeting was the largest by far with over 1,000 attendees. The IETF meetings for 1995 are starting to firm up. The IETF will be meeting in Danvers, Massachusetts (a suburb of Boston) from April 3-7, 1995. The summer IETF meeting will be held in Stockholm, Sweden the week of July 17-21, 1995. Due to the meeting costs, the IETF attendance fee for the Stockholm meeting will be US$300. The final meeting for 1995 will be held in Dallas, Texas. Once all the arrangements have been made, notifications will be sent to the IETF Announcement list. Remember that information on future IETF meetings can be always be found in the file 0mtg- sites.txt which is located on the IETF shadow directories. This information can also be viewed from the IETF Home Page on the Web. The URL is: http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us 2. The minutes of the IESG teleconferences have been publicly available on the IETF Shadow directories since 1991. These files are placed in the /ftp/iesg directory. The following IESG minutes have been added: November 17, 1994 (iesg.94-11-17) 3. The IESG approved or recommended the following two Protocol Actions during the month of December, 1994: o IEEE 802.5 Station Source Routing MIB be published as a Proposed Standard. o Definitions of Managed Objects for SNA Data Link Control: SDLC be published as a Proposed Standard. Cooper [Page 3] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 4. The IESG issued four Last Calls to the IETF during the month of December, 1994: o Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base for consideration as a Draft Standard. o Printer MIB for consideration as a Proposed Standard. o ATM Signaling Support for IP over ATM for consideration as a Proposed Standard. o Routing Information Protocol be reclassified as Historic. 5. One Working Group was created during this period: New Generation Transition (ngtrans) and one was concluded: Interfaces MIB (ifmib) 6. A total of 29 Internet-Draft actions were taken during the month of December, 1994: (Revised draft (o), New Draft (+) ) (mhsds) o MHS use of the X.500 Directory to support MHS Routing (rolc) o NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP) (none) + MIME Encapsulation of EDI Objects (mailext) o Tags for the identification of languages (none) o Definitions of Managed Objects for the Fabric Element in Fibre Channel Standard (pppext) o PPP Magnalink Variable Resource Compression (nasreq) o Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) (none) o TCP Embedded Trailer Checksum (printmib) o Printer MIB (uri) o Functional Requirements for Internet Resource Cooper [Page 4] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Locators (pppext) o The PPP Banyan Vines Control Protocol (BVCP) (tftpexts) o TFTP Option Extension (ifmib) o IEEE 802.5 Station Source Routing MIB (html) o Form-based File Upload in HTML (pppext) o The PPP Encryption Control Protocol (ECP) (none) o Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.0 (dnsind) + Notify: a mechanism for prompt notification of authority zone changes (bgp) + Application of the Border Gateway Protocol in the Internet (none) + Extended IS-IS: Metric Feeding (none) + The Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol (whip) o Requirements for an Internet White Pages Service (tftpexts) + TFTP Timeout Interval and Transfer Size Options (none) + PGP Message Exchange Formats (idr) + A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) (none) + Report on MD5 Performance (tftpexts) + TFTP Option Negotiation Analysis (iab) + Guidance in the Assignment of Internet Numbers (none) + Not All RFCs are Standards (none) + A Proposed Extension Mechanism for HTTP 7. There were 25 RFC's published during the month of December, 1994: RFC St WG Title ------- -- -------- ------------------------------------- RFC1709 I (isn) K-12 Internetworking Guidelines RFC1714 I (none) Referral Whois Protocol (RWhois) Cooper [Page 5] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 RFC1719 I (none) A Direction for IPng RFC1726 I (none) Technical Criteria for Choosing IP:The Next Generation (IPng) RFC1727 I (iiir) A Vision of an Integrated Internet Information Service RFC1728 I (iiir) Resource Transponders RFC1729 I (iiir) Using the Z39.50 Information Retrieval Protocol in the Internet Environment RFC1730 PS (imap) INTERNET MESSAGE ACCESS PROTOCOL - VERSION 4 RFC1731 PS (imap) IMAP4 Authentication mechanisms RFC1732 I (imap) IMAP4 COMPATIBILITY WITH IMAP2 AND IMAP2BIS RFC1733 I (imap) DISTRIBUTED ELECTRONIC MAIL MODELS IN IMAP4 RFC1734 PS (none) POP3 AUTHentication command RFC1735 E (rolc) NBMA Address Resolution Protocol (NARP) RFC1737 I (uri) Functional Requirements for Uniform Resource Names RFC1738 PS (uri) Uniform Resource Locators (URL) RFC1739 I (none) A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools RFC1740 PS (none) MIME Encapsulation of Macintosh files - MacMIME RFC1741 I (none) MIME Content Type for BinHex Encoded Files RFC1743 DS (ifmib) IEEE 802.5 MIB using SMIv2 RFC1744 I (none) Observations on the Management of the Internet Address Space RFC1745 PS (idr) BGP4/IDRP for IP---OSPF Interaction RFC1748 DS (ifmib) IEEE 802.5 MIB using SMIv2 RFC1749 S (ifmib) IEEE 802.5 Station Source Routing MIB using SMIv2 RFC1750 I (none) Randomness Recommendations for Security RFC1751 I (none) A Convention for Human-Readable 128-bit Keys St(atus): ( S) Internet Standard (PS) Proposed Standard (DS) Draft Standard ( E) Experimental ( I) Informational Steve Coya Cooper [Page 6] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 INTERNET PROJECTS ----------------- ANSNET/NSFNET BACKBONE ENGINEERING ---------------------------------- Network Status Summary ======================= ANSnet total packet traffic decreased by about 11.82% in December '94. An increase in the ANSnet forwarding table size of 3.82% was observed during the month December. August Backbone Traffic Statistics ================================== The total inbound packet count for the ANSnet (measured using SNMP interface counters) was 78,393,599,694 on T3 ENSS interfaces, down 12.91% from November. The total packet count into the network including all ENSS serial interfaces was 89,000,109,937 down 11.82% from November. Router Forwarding Table Statistics ================================ The maximum number of destinations announced to ANSnet during December was 20,252 up 3.82% from November. The number of network destinations configured for announcement to the ANSnet but never announced (silent nets) during December was 21,251. Jordan Becker DANTE ----- _________________________________________________________________ * * A bi-monthly electronic news bulletin * * reporting on the activities of DANTE, * the company that provides international * network services for the European THE WORKS OF D A N T E research community. No.7, January 1995 Editor: Josefien Bersee __________________________________________________________________ Cooper [Page 7] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 EUROPANET GROWTH IN 1994 EuropaNET, DANTE's international network for the European research networks, grew fast in 1994. In total the traffic load on the network more than quadrupled. The total EuropaNET backbone access point capacity is currently 24 Mbps, with each access point connected to at least two trunk lines (the total trunk capacity of EuropaNET is 30 Mbps). An overview of total traffic growth and traffic growth of the ten 'largest' access ports can be obtained from URLs: http://www.dante.net/traffic.GIF and http://www.dante.net/top-10.GIF. EUROCAIRN STUDY SUBMITTED In view of its current customer base and pan-European backbone management experience, DANTE is in an excellent position to be at the forefront of the development of the next generation research backbone in Europe. The Eureka EuroCAIRN project, set up to improve network facilities for European researchers, contracted DANTE in June 1994 to prepare a plan for the immediate procurement of a high speed network for research in Europe. The draft Final Report of the EuroCAIRN study was submitted to the EuroCAIRN Committee on December 24th 1994 and they will consider it at their next meeting on 20 January 1995. The study details the high speed networking requirements of the European research network organisations, presents a technical and commercial options analysis as well as a detailed plan for the immediate deployment of a 34 Mbps pan-European network for research. Earlier, on 8 November 1994, DANTE had organised a meeting in Brussels with representatives of the national research networks to receive their feedback on the preliminary findings of the study. During the meeting several attendees stressed again the urgency of setting up the new high speed infrastructure as soon as possible. TRANSATLANTIC CONNECTIVITY INCREASING The first circuits as part of the plans to upgrade EuropaNET connectivity from Europe to the US have been acquired. A new T1 (1.5 Mbps) line between Amsterdam and New York became operational in December 1994. This brings the total capacity of EuropaNET's US connectivity to 5 Mbps. The order for the second T1 link from Amsterdam has been placed and the link is expected to be in place by February. At the request of SURFnet and DFN, DANTE will manage a direct link between Germany and the Netherlands. One use of this additional capacity will be for traffic between the Dutch and the German Cooper [Page 8] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Aviation and Space Research institutes. For this purpose DANTE will set up a Point of Presence (PoP) in Aachen, Germany. In addition DFN has decided to obtain additional intercontinental connectivity from DANTE which can be delivered via Amsterdam and this new German-Dutch link. A further T1 circuit will be ordered to provide the extra capacity needed. To improve the US service for other EuropaNET subscribers ways of upgrading the capacity of the DANTE gateway in Amsterdam (which provides them with US access) are being discussed with Unisource. DANTE has started work under a contract with the European Commission to set up a connection between EuropaNET and Canada. The first phase of the work will be to assess what sort of capacity is needed and how it can best be organised. A recommendation will follow on which the actual implementation plan will be based. DANTE SECURITY SERVICE At the request of a number of national networks, DANTE will create a European level CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team) service. DANTE is currently working on a detailed service specification which will be published shortly. The objectives of the CERT service will be: the coordination of incident handling between member CERTs and with other incident response teams worldwide; the coordination of technical assistance to member CERTs; the maintenance of an information server on operational aspects of computer security; assistance for the establishment of new CERTs and the provision of backup and support to resolve problems that cannot be handled by a member CERT. The DANTE CERT service will build on the expertise and experience of the national CERTs that are already in place. The DANTE CERT will participate fully in existing international bodies dealing with incident response and security. Full membership of FIRST (Forum on Incident Response and Security Teams) will be applied for. As is DANTE's normal practice, many of the operational components of the DANTE CERT activity will be sub-contracted; discussions on how best to do this are already taking place with organisations which are interested in carrying out this task. CESSATION OF DISCUS DISCUS, the continuation of the CONCISE central European information service for the research community, was funded by the European Commission during 1994. In the knowledge that this funding would come to an end on 31 December 1994 DANTE and Level-7, the service operator, have looked into several options to continue the service on a self-sustaining basis. The concept of a locally Cooper [Page 9] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 maintained information service such as DISCUS has, to a great extent, been overtaken by distributed services such as the WWW and Gopher. It has not proved possible to find a sufficiently large customer base to continue the service on a commercial basis. Therefore DISCUS will cease to exist in its current form by 31 January 1995. By courtesy of FUNET (Finnish research network) the current information will remain accessible for at least six months at URL: ftp://ftp.funet.fi/index/DISCUS. DANTE is considering the possibility of continuing some elements of the service if required. NEW EUROPANET POSTER AVAILABLE An updated version of the EuropaNET topology poster is available on request. The new version gives a slightly more streamlined overview of the network topology. To receive a copy of the poster send in a message to dante@dante.org.uk (please include your surface mail address). _________________________________________________________________ DANTE - Lockton House - Clarendon Road - Cambridge - CB2 2BH - UK telephone +44 1223 302992 fax +44 1223 303005 E-mail dante@dante.org.uk S=dante; O=dante; P=dante; A=mailnet; C=fi WWW server http://www.dante.net/ Gopher server gopher://gopher.dante.net/ Anonymous ftp ftp://ftp.dante.net/pub/ INTERNIC -------- INFORMATION SERVICES Contact Information: Reference Desk Information Phone +1 619 455-4600 email info@internic.net Fax +1 619 455-4640 InterNIC Suggestions or Complaints Suggestions suggestions@internic.net Complaints complaints@internic.net Cooper [Page 10] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 NSF Network News newsletter subscriptions newsletter-request@internic.net newsletter comments newsletter-comments@internic.net NICLink General Information info@internic.net Problems/bugs niclink-bugs@is.internic.net InterNIC Seminar Series General Information seminars@internic.net Listserv lists net-happenings majordomo@is.internic.net net-resources majordomo@is.internic.net scout-report majordomo@is.internic.net InfoGuide Host Name is.internic.net Host Address 192.153.156.15 URL: http://www.internic.net/ Postal address InterNIC Information Services General Atomics P.O. BOX 85608 San Diego, CA 92186-9784 THE InterNIC INFOGUIDE The InterNIC InfoGuide is a comprehensive online information service which provides information about the Internet and online Internet resources. Accessible through gopher and the WorldWideWeb, the InterNIC InfoGuide replaces the older InterNIC information server, the InfoSource. The InfoGuide includes new services such as the Scout Report and an online hypertext version of the _NSF Network News_. To access the InterNIC InfoGuide, point your WorldWideWeb client to: http://www.internic.net/infoguide.html or your gopher client to: is.internic.net NET-HAPPENINGS The net-happenings list is a service of InterNIC Information Services and the list moderator, Gleason Sackman of North Dakota's SENDIT Network. The purpose of the list is to distribute to the community announcements of interest to network staffers and end Cooper [Page 11] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 users. This includes conference announcements, call for papers, publications, newsletters, network tools updates, and network resources. Net-happenings is a moderated, announcements-only mailing list which gathers announcements from many Internet sources and concentrates them onto one list. To access net-happenings, point your gopher client to: is.internic.net and search the InterNIC InfoGuide for Net-Happenings. THE SCOUT REPORT: A Weekly Summary of Internet Highlights At last count the Scout Report was reaching over 18,000 subscribers and the HTML versions on the InfoGuide are still receiving thousands of accesses each week. A new and improved version of the Scout Report will debut next month. The Scout Report is a weekly publication offered to the Internet community as a fast, convenient way to stay informed on network activities. Its purpose is to combine in one place the highlights of new resource announcements and other news which occurred on the Internet during the previous week. The Scout Report is released every Friday in multiple formats -- electronic mail, gopher, and WorldWideWeb. WorldWideWeb versions of the Report include links to all listed resources allowing instantaneous browsing of items of interest. Comments and contributions to the Scout Report are encouraged and can be sent to scout@internic.net. How to Get the Scout Report To receive the electronic mail version of the Scout Report each Friday, join the scout-report mailing list. This mailing list will be used only to distribute the Scout Report once a week. Send mail to: majordomo@is.internic.net In the body of the message, type: subscribe scout-report youremailaddress To access the hypertext version of the Report, point your WWW client to: http://www.internic.net/infoguide.html Cooper [Page 12] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Gopher users can tunnel to: is.internic.net/Information Services THE InterNIC SEMINAR SERIES "Learning the Whole Internet" is now available for users needing Internet training. The InterNIC has already presented a beta version of the course which includeded a copy of _The Whole Internet_ as well as class handouts of the PowerPoint presentation. NSF NETWORK NEWS The _NSF Network News_ Vol. 1, No. 5 is in the works. This newsletter will spotlight legal issues presently revolving around the Internet. Projected highlights are: the future of domain registration; a seminar spotlight; and the regular features of the _NSF Network News_ such as the InterNIC Event Calendar and news briefs. To subscribe, send email to newsletter- request@internic.net. The September/October issue of the _NSF Network News_ is available on the WorldWideWeb at http://www.internic.net/newsletter/sep-oct94/index.html The newsletter is also available via gopher to the InterNIC InfoGuide at is.internic.net and mailserv to mailserv@is.internic.net with the following text in the body of the message: get /about-internic/newsletter/nsfnews-aug94.txt REFERENCE DESK The following table gives a summary of Reference Desk contacts for December: Method Contacts % of Total ------- -------- --------- Email 516 47 Phone 166 15 Fax 338 31 US Mail 25 2 Referral 49 5 ------- -------- --------- Total 1094 100.0 by Anna Knittle Cooper [Page 13] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 INTERNIC DIRECTORY AND DATABASE SERVICES In December, we upgraded the X.500 server on ds0.internic.net to the ISODE Consortium's version 2.1. This version should appear the same to users in terms of user interface and features supported, but it is faster than the system we had been using, and should also be more reliable. We run two X.500 DSA's, one on ds0.internic.net and the other on ds2.internic.net. They back each other up; in case of failure or maintenance on one, X.500 clients will automatically go to the other. The server on ds2.internic.net will be upgraded to the new release in January. X.500 provides a "Directory Information Tree", or DIT, that supports organizations all over the world. Any server that is part of the tree can help you get information from any part of the tree, so users of our system can get listings from organizations in Europe, Austrailia, and Japan (as well as North America). To access the X.500 directory from our servers, log in as "x500" and follow the instructions, or log in as "guest" and select option 3 and then option 2. While there are over 1 million entries in the global DIT, there are many organizations that do not have X.500 directories. One of our most frequently asked questions is why someone who works for a well known company or university cannot be found in X.500. Most often, it is becuase that organization does not have an X.500 directory that is part of the DIT. A reminder - if you would like to help the Internet community find a resource that you offer, send mail to admin@ds.internic.net and we will send information about listing your resource in the Directory of Directories. by Rick Huber INTERNIC REGISTRATION SERVICES I. Significant Events InterNIC Registration Services assigned over 5,911 network addresses and registered over 3,681 domains. II. Current Status During the month of December 1994, InterNIC Registration Services Cooper [Page 14] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 received communications as shown below. The majority of the correspondence concerned the assignment and re-assignment of network numbers and the registration or change of domain names. E-mail 8,671 (hostmaster@internic.net) Postal/Fax 226 (primarily IP number requests) Phone 1,859 The Registrations Services host computer supported a large volume of information retrieval requests during the month of December. Connections Retrievals Gopher 66,555 45,449 WAIS 95,286 74,796 FTP 11,935 54,477 Mailserv 5,117 Telnet 60,259 In addition, for WHOIS the number of queries were: Client Server 270,079 998,238 Debbie Fuller (debbief@internic.net) ISI --- NETSTATION ========== Those of us working on the Netstation project at USC/ISI have been wrestling with the issues that arise when interfacing devices via a gigabit network rather than a system bus. Rearchitecting a workstation around a network raises many interesting research issues and an abundance of implementation choices. These monthly reports are intended to keep the research community informed of current project directions and implementation/design choices. Recent efforts have focused on clarifying and documenting the fundamental architectural choices, e.g. the concepts of network devices, service and device interfaces, and the required naming and binding schemes. Network Devices and Service Interfaces We call a "device" that is controlled via network protocols a network virtual device (NVD) to emphasize that the interface that Cooper [Page 15] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 is exported by the NVD may be a synthetic one. The process that controls an NVD, its Owner, uses the exported interface to control it. The exported interface is generically a "service interface", which may provide access to an actual physical device or to a higher- level abstraction; the more specific term "device interface" is used to refer to lower-level "raw" abstractions. However, details specific to the control of a particular hardware device inside an NVD can be hidden when that does not interfere with the functional use of the NVD. Many of these, such as register addresses, control bit assignments, and timing restrictions can often be completely managed internally by the NVD. At one extreme an NVD may be entirely virtual, consisting of a disembodied process that is not physically associated with any peripheral devices. For example, a large wall-size display device may export a "raw" full-screen interface. This interface, in turn, may be "owned" by some process (on another machine) which will subdivide the display surface to provide several workstation-size display devices. Such an NVD may be thought of as exporting a network service rather than a device interface, but since the access mechanisms for NVDs in all cases are based upon network protocols, that distinction is a fine one. Tentatively, the line that is drawn between a Netstation device and a network server process is the means of communication. Interactions with Netstation devices are via a reliable RPC mechanism that mimics the reliability and functionality of intra- workstation bus-based communication. Hence, an X-Window server would not itself be an NVD (as connections are made via TCP), but the X-window server process may control an NVD display (e.g. the virtual workstation-size portion of the wall-size display described above). This use of a lightweight RPC transaction protocol for device access implies that direct device control will be practically limited to a local area network. For applications such as cross- country video, the transport functionality required over long delay paths will better served using an application process (local to the display device) to receive TCP (or RTP) streams and generate device control messages. Amidst this generality, it is easy to loose sight of the original mission of an NVD, which is a device that is controlled via commands sent across a network instead of a system bus. A simple NVD will function much like its bus-interfaced counterpart. A process should be able to open an NVD and become its exclusive Cooper [Page 16] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 controlling Owner. In particular, a kernel process should be able at boot time to open its NVDs and gain exclusive controlling access to them. Device/Service Access and Naming A simple NVD will export a single device interface to be used by some single Owner process on another host. This could be a primitive interface that closely models the functions of the underlying physical device. The network would carry the Owner's device commands and the responses from the NVD that they generate via our reliable RPC protocol. However, access to NVDs may be complicated by the fact that a single local area network interface may provide network access for multiple NVDs. Several physical resources may be available within a particular Netstation chassis, and various capabilities and virtual capabilities may be exported simultaneously with individual interfaces and/or a combined interface. For example, a Display NVD chassis might contain several distinct devices: frame buffer, audio output, and JPEG decompression units. Each of those can accept independent streams of input data and commands. These could be individually exported as a single complex Display NVD interface or each as a distinct NVD interface. This could be dynamically determined under the NVD Owner's control or by the code loaded when the chassis is booted. We propose to use a method which allows similar access for any type of NVD. This approach should be straight-forward in the common case of a simple NVD, and extensible as NVDs become more complex. All NVDs will export an RPC-based "access" interface that is presented via a well-known port. RPC calls will be made available via that interface for OPENing, CLOSEing, and obtaining additional NVD-specific information and status. The basic operation performed by any process wanting to access any device will be an RPCopen(device_name) call made to the well known port at Netstation chassis interface. The Netstation device can demultiplex the initial request based on device name (if needed), and a separate communication channel can be allocated for a particular device session. In the degenerate case of a single device on an interface, a default device name referring to "self" could be used. This approach provides a well-defined rendezvous point for device access, and allows devices to have varying degrees of sophistication. For example, simple devices with insufficient Cooper [Page 17] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 resources to implement an access control database and other complex management functionality can be configured to forward RPCopen() calls to a surrogate managerial process. The basic information needed to open and gain control over an NVD is the NVD's Internet address and the appropriate device name to be used as a demultiplexor. The NVD network address is similar in function to the device address that is needed at boot time to access and control a bus-interfaced device. It is assumed that the underlying network- and link-layer protocols deal with packet delivery functions. Naming, Device Location, and NetStation Configuration An NVD's address can be determined directly or it could be determined from its "name". We assume NVD names will correspond to the domain-name hierarchy. The most basic NVD management functions will use the DNS to map device names to their access address. The device's domain-name can also be used directly to demultiplex within multi-device NVD interfaces, or the DNS can return an internal NVD number (along with internet address) to be used for this purpose. Similarly, the DNS could return a port number specific to a particular NVD as an alternative to the well-known port rendezvous approach. These additional mappings could be supported currently using DNS "TXT" resource records. Recently proposed DNS extensions for dynamic update could support dynamically-instantiated virtual devices. The functionality provided by these DNS mappings serve as the lowest-level NVD management service. Using domain names as an intermediate layer, additional services such as configuration (i.e. determination of associations among Netstation devices) and resource location (i.e. determination of which devices are available to meet certain requirements) will be layered on top of these basic mapping services. We expect to exploit current IETF work in Dynamic Host Configuration and Service Location to provide some of these Netstation management functionality. Greg Finn , S.K. Reddy Monnangi, , Vivek Goyal Cooper [Page 18] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 PC-ATOMIC --------- ATOMIC PERFORMANCE TESTS We have measured the performance of NFS and FTP over ATOMIC, and found (as expected) that the disk bandwidth is the bottleneck. Ethernet performance is network-limited to 7-8 Mbps, but the ATOMIC LAN provides disk-limited 18 Mbps FTP and 19 Mbps NFS. FTP performance is relatively independent of file size, but NFS exhibits a long "ramp" where 200K byte files are 8 Mbps, 700K byte files are 13 Mbps, and the bandwidth tops out for 2M byte files. We used 16K byte packets for these measurements. Prior measurements indicate that native packet memory-memory bandwidth over ATOMIC is 300 Mbps, TCP is 48 Mbps, and UDP is 54 Mbps. NFS and FTP bandwidths in the ATOMIC LAN are limited by the read/write bandwidths of the SPARCs. We found that (on a SPARC 20/50 or 10/512) the disk write bandwidth was 20 Mbps, and the read bandwidth was 275 Mbps. (A Sparc 2 has a lower read bandwidth, near 60 Mbps). We are also measuring the performance the ATOMIC LAN when two sources contend for a shared link. We used a configuration as shown below: S1 -----> switch -----> R ^ | | | S2 In our experiment, S1 emits 512-byte packets, and we vary the size of the packets from S2 (over multiples of 512). Myricom's switches apparently perform round-robin arbitration on a per-packet level, so the bandwidth per source at the multiplexing switch is a ratio of the packet sizes. We hope to use this information, along with interval gaps in packet emission, to provide a source-level mechanism that emulates the configurable router queuing disciplines. These disciplines are assumed by QoS and policy mechanisms, but do not exist in the ATOMIC LAN. Cooper [Page 19] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 ATOMIC LAN INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION We have developed automated procedures for configuring a machine to use only the ATOMIC interface for network communication from power-up for all SPARC 2, 10, and 20 machines running SunOS 4.1.3. This required adding the Myricom driver to the kernel. We are developing a plan for migrating all ISI HPCC Division Sun SPARCs to the ATOMIC LAN, while allowing machines to individually revert to the Ethernet backup after rebooting. ATOMIC GATEWAY PROGRESS We have a version of VINCE installed that is modified to use the FORE SBA-200 S-BUS host interface card to communicate with the NRL PTAI S-BUS host interface card. We are currently evaluating the two cards for use in an ATM gateway, first using a SPARC S-BUS, and later as a stand-alone system. Work is continuing on our evaluation of the x-Kernel (Peterson, Arizona) as a possible vehicle for protocol experiments that bypass the current BSD implementations of TCP/IP. We are currently porting the ISI "blast" program, which measures TCP and UDP performance in memory-to-memory data transfers, to run as part of the x-Kernel. Preliminary results indicate that other tuning will be required in order to achieve good performance results. If this phase of the project is successful, we plan to use the x-Kernel to investigate experimental protocol implementations and direct coupling of the lowest level of the x-Kernel and the drivers for various high-speed networks including ATOMIC and ATM. HIGH PERFORMANCE SECURITY ISSUES This month we issued an Internet Draft of our report on MD5 authentication (IMR Nov. 1994). It is available at the usual places, including: ftp://ftp.isi.edu/internet-drafts/draft-touch- md5-performance-00.txt Joe Touch , Annette DeSchon Hong Xu , Ted Faber Cooper [Page 20] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 INFRASTRUCTURE Jon Postel, Joyce Reynolds, S. Herzog, B. Tung, B. Manning, Paul Mockapetris, Deborah Estrin, Steve Casner, Bob Braden, Steve Berson to attend the 31st IETF meetings in San Jose, 4-9 December. Paul Mockapetris and J. Postel to attend the ISOC Board of Trustees Meetings, 14-16 December 1994. 25 RFCS WERE PUBLISHED THIS MONTH. 1719 A Direction for IPng. P. Gross. December 1994. 1726 Technical Criteria for Choosing IP The Next Generation (IPng). C. Partridge & F. Kastenholz. December 1994. 1727 A Vision of an Integrated Internet Information Service. C. Weider & P. Deutsch. December 1994. 1728 Resource Transponders. C. Weider. December 1994. 1729 Using the Z39.50 Information Retrieval Protocol. C. Lynch. December 1994. 1730 INTERNET MESSAGE ACCESS PROTOCOL - VERSION 4. M. Crispin. December 1994. 1731 IMAP4 Authentication Mechanisms. J. Myers. December 1994. 1732 IMAP4 COMPATIBILITY WITH IMAP2 AND IMAP2BIS. M. Crispin. December 1994. 1733 DISTRIBUTED ELECTRONIC MAIL MODELS IN IMAP4. M. Crispin. December 1994. 1734 POP3 AUTHentication command. J. Myers. December 1994. 1735 NBMA Address Resolution Protocol (NARP). J. Heinanen & R. Govindan. December 1994. 1737 Functional Requirements for Uniform Resource Names. K Sollins & L. Masinter. December 1994. 1738 Uniform Resource Locators (URL). T. Berners-Lee, L. Masinter & M. McCahill. December 1994. 1739 A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools. G. Kessler & S. Shepard. December 1994. Cooper [Page 21] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 1740 MIME Encapsulation of Macintosh Files - MacMIME. P. Faltstrom, D. Crocker & E. Fair. December 1994. 1741 MIME Content Type for BinHex Encoded Files. P. Faltstrom, D. Crocker & E. Fair. December 1994. 1743 IEEE 802.5 MIB using SMIv2. K. McCloghrie, E. Decker. December 1994. (Obsoletes RFC1231) (Obsoleted by RFC1748) 1744 Observations on the Management of the Internet Address Space. G. Huston. December 1994. 1745 BGP4/IDRP for IP---OSPF Interaction. K. Varadhan, S. Hares, Y. Rekhter. December 1994. 1746 Ways to Define User Expectations. B. Manning & D. Perkins. December 1994. 1748 IEEE 802.5 MIB using SMIv2. K. McCloghrie & E. Decker. December 1994. (Obsoletes RFC1743, RFC1231) 1749 IEEE 802.5 Station Source Routing MIB using SMIv. K. McCloghrie, F. Baker & E. Decker. December 1994. (Updates RFC1748) 1750 Randomness Recommendations for Security. D. Eastlake, 3rd, S. Crocker & J. Schiller. December 1994. 1751 A Convention for Human-Readable 128-bit Keys. D. McDonald. December 1994. 1753 IPng Technical Requirements Of the Nimrod Routing and Addressing Architecture. N. Chiappa. December 1994. THE US DOMAIN ============= US DOMAIN ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION ------------------------------------ EMAIL/FAX 628 PHONE 95 ---------------------------- Total Contacts 723 Cooper [Page 22] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 DELEGATIONS 57 DIRECT REGISTRATIONS: 23 OTHER US DOMAIN MSGS: 643 --------------------------- Total 723 OTHER US DOMAIN MESSAGES INCLUDE: modifications, application requests, discussion and clarification of the requests, questions about names, referrals to other subdomains or to/from the InterNic, resolving technical problems with zone files and name servers, and whois listings. The list of delegations below does not reflect the entire number of registrations and delegations in the whole US Domain. Many subdomains have been delegated and administrators of those subdomains register applicants in their domains. Below are direct registrations in the US Domain. To obtain a copy of the list of other delegated localities and subdomains you can ftp the file in-notes/us-domain-delegated.txt from venera.isi.edu, via anonymous ftp. Third Level US Domain Delegations this month -------------------------------------------- CC.ME.US Maine Community Colleges TEC.ME.US Maine Technical Colleges LIB.ME.US Maine Libraries BETHEL.ME.US Bethel, Maine, locality PORTSMOUTH.OH.US Portsmouth, Ohio, locality HILLIARD.OH.US Hilliard, Ohio DOT.FED.US United States Dept. of Transportation PARKER.CO.US Parker, Colorado STEAMBOAT.CO.US Steamboat, Colorado JEFFERSON.CO.US Jefferson, Colorado STATE.GA.US Georgia Dept. of Administrative Services MADISON.WI.US Madison, WI, locality HICKORY.NC.US Hickory, NC, locality STATE.IA.US Iowa State Government PORT-NY-NJ.ISA.US Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Cooper [Page 23] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Other Direct US Domain Delegations this month --------------------------------------------- CO.DAKOTA.MN.US Dakota County of Minnesota VILLAGE.CHENEQUA.WI.US Village of Chenequa, Wisconsin CI.SALINAS.CA.US City of Salinas, California URA.NW.DC.US Universities Research Association USUSP.NW.DC.US US Universities/Saudi Project FCDS.PVT.K12.CT.US Fairfield Country Day School CRYSTAL.HILLSBORO.CA.US Crystal Springs Uplands School LORETTOHS.LCSD.K12.TN.US Loretto High School NWACC.CC.AR.US Northwest Arkansas Community College NMMI.CC.NM.US New Mexico Military Institute GTC.GEORGETOWN.KY.US Georgetown College, Ky. MCCALLIE.CHATTANOOGA.TN.US The McCallie School CAMGRAD.FAY.AR.US Cambridge Graduate School, Inc. KOMUSIC.SF.CA.US KOMusic, San Francisco DNR.STATE.WA.US Washington State Dept. of Natural Resources NYCT.NYC.NY.US New York City Transit NVHA.LOWELL.MA.US Merrimack Valley Hebrew Academy PUC.CI.SF.CA.US SF Public Utilities RGV.LIB.NM.US City if Albuquerque, Regional Library CAMDEN.LIB.NJ.US Camden County Library SACRAMENTO.LIB.CA.US Sacramento Public Library HANDLEY.LIB.VA.US Handley Regional Library FLP.LIB.PA.US Free Public Library of Philadelphia SANTA-CRUZ.LIB.CA.US Santa Cruz Library System SF.LIB.CA.US San Francisco Public Library CITY-HALL.SF.LIB.CA.US San Francisco City Hall CITY-WEB.SF.CA.US City of San Francisco Web Project STEGE.DST.CA.US Stege Sanitary District APT.FREEMONT.CA.US Atlantic Pacific Technologies, Inc. TIMES.ST.PETE.FL.US St. Petersburg Times TRAVELNET.SUNNYVALE.CA.US TravelNet, Inc., Software Develop. Co. GGBHTD.DST.CA.US Golden Gate Bridge Highway Transit District ESC.TULSA.OK.US Tulsa Public School District REDHUCYT.NW.DC.US Dept. Scientific and Technological Affairs POWELL.FAUQUIER.VA.US Private FOXFIRE.SF.CA.US Private KNACK.SF.CA.US Private MICHAUD.NEWINGTON.CT.US Private BURTON.FROSTBURG.MD.US Private MARSDEN.ARLINGTON.TX.US Private SSSSS.FALLS-CHURCH.VA.US Private Cooper [Page 24] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 TABLE OF DELEGATED DOMAINS BY STATE K12 CC TEC STATE LIB MUS GEN ----------------------------------------------------------- AK X AL X AR X X AZ X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- CA X X X CO X X X X X X X CT DC X ----------------------------------------------------------- DE X FL X X X X X X X GA X X X X HI X X X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- IA X X X X X ID X X X X X X X IL X X X X X IN X X X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- KS X X X X KY X X X X X X X LA X X X X X MA X X ----------------------------------------------------------- MD X X X X ME X X X X MI X X X X X MN X X X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- MO X X X X X X MS X X X X MT X NC X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- ND X X X X X X X NE X X X X NH X X NJ X X ----------------------------------------------------------- NM X X X NV NY X X X X X X X OH X X X X X X X Cooper [Page 25] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 K12 CC TEC STATE LIB MUS GEN ----------------------------------------------------------- OK OR X X X X X X X PA X X RI X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- SC X X X X X X X SD X X X X X TN X TX X X X X X X X ----------------------------------------------------------- UT X X X X VA X X X X VI VT X ----------------------------------------------------------- WA X X WI X X X WV X X X X X X X WY X X =========================================================== For more information about the US Domain please request an application via the RFC-INFO service. Send a message to RFC- INFO@ISI.EDU with the contents "Help: us_domain_application". For example: To: RFC-INFO@ISI.EDU Subject: US Domain Application help: us_domain_application Ann Westine Cooper (Cooper@ISI.EDU) MULTIMEDIA CONFERENCING We have added an automated user directory to MMCC, ISI's session tool that orchestrates explicit-invitation, multiway calls by exchanging address and configuration information and spawning familiar MBONE tools (e.g., vat, nv). Originally, users could set up their own personal address books using a combination of a startup file, on-the-fly entry from the graphical user interface (GUI), and automatic updates as new users called. However, users have requested an easier method to dynamically find the addresses of others who are willing/able to "accept" calls, i.e., others who are running MMCC. To this end, we have augmented MMCC with a multicast user directory function. On a fixed multicast address, Cooper [Page 26] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 MMCC will announce (if enabled) the user's availability at a particular locale. Each MMCC also listens on that address for announcements from remote users and adds those users to its directory. Thus, MMCC acts in part as a user locator service. This approach was inspired by the control component of the RTP protocol developed in the IETF Audio/Video Transport working group, and by LBL's session directory tool, sd. The idea was to apply these multicast-based techniques to the user directory problem. Besides the known resiliency of a soft-state multicast approach, we use multicast announcements to obtain the appropriate TTL for reaching remote users and also to track mobility. Notably, we make user directory announcements at different TTL levels so that announcements may be made more frequently within smaller regions (lower TTLs). Each remote MMCC also stores the minimum TTL (as inserted by the sender) at which the announcement was first heard. When a session is created, MMCC selects the maximum of the minimum TTL values of all group members and passes this value to the associated media tools for proper scoping of the multicast real- time data. Presently, we are working to solve some of the scaling issues before wider release of this feature. For example, scaling effects everything from the network bandwidth consumed by announcement messages to the GUI's ability to organize and filter lists of users, and to the internal architecture of data structures for fast user lookup. Therefore, we are currently experimenting with parameterizing the tool for efficient operation as the number of users grows very large. Eve Schooler (schooler@cs.caltech.edu), Steve Casner (casner@isi.edu) MERIT/NSFNET ENGINEERING ------------------------ This report summarizes recent activities of Merit's Internet Engineering and Network Management groups on behalf of the Routing Arbiter Project and the NSFNET Backbone Service Project. The CNMS (Centralized Network Management System), developed by Merit for the Routing Arbiter project, is now performing preliminary monitoring of the Route Servers at the PacBell NAP and the MFS MAE-East facility, and beginning to perform delay measurements to the Route Servers. The combination of these figures with packet delay and loss measurements at the NAPs will help the RA team gauge reliability of the NAP fabric and in-band connectivity between the RA NOC and the NAPs. Cooper [Page 27] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Work continues on replacement of the Policy Routing Database (PRDB), used for the NSFNET Backbone Service, with the Routing Arbiter Database (RADB). The RADB itself forms part of the new Internet Routing Registry (IRR), which will incorporate registries maintained by several national and international networking organizations. Under the RADB, the method for submitting new nets to be routed over AS690 will change. Instead of submitting NACRs through e-mail, users will directly register information by sending in "route templates." Additions and entries to the new registry will be made by the home AS that creates the route, rather than by an AS690 peer AS. Merit is working closely with RIPE to ensure that the RIPE database will have all required routing information when the PRDB is retired and authoritative routing information for European routes is maintained by the RIPE NCC. Transition plans are available on the RADB Web site (http://www.ra.net/rrinfo.html) and through anonymous FTP to ftp.ra.net in the /pub/radb/ directory. For more information about using the RADB, send e-mail to rrgroup@merit.edu. Peering sessions have been established between the ANS/NSFNET backbone and Network Service Providers at the three priority NAPs and MFS's MAE- East facility. At the PacBell NAP, ANS/NSFNET is peering with MCInet, CRL, and the RA Project's Route Server; at the Sprint NAP, ANS/NSFNET is peering with SprintLink and MCInet; at the MFS facility, ANS/NSFNET is peering with AlterNet, CERN/DANTE, PIPEX, PSI, NETCOM, MCInet, and Net99. Physical connections to the Ameritech NAP have been established by ANS/NSFNET, the RA Route Server, and MCInet. The number of regionals that have completed their transition from the NSFNET backbone service grew substantially this month. MOREnet, THEnet, NYSERNet, NevadaNet, and MSCnet are now obtaining interregional Internet service from SprintLink, and SURAnet is obtaining service from MCInet. CA*net, the Canadian national network, has cut over from the NSFNET backbone service to MCInet. The current version of the ANS/NSFNET router software fixes two long- persistent backbone problems: hangs in the FDDI cards used in the RS/6000 backbone routers, and spontaneous resets of the T3 interface cards in the ANS Ciscos. Several staff led sessions at the 31st IETF, held December 5-9 in San Jose. Jessica Yu (with Vince Fuller of BARRNET) led the session of the CIDR Deployment Working Group (cidrd). Elise Gerich gave a presentation about the NSFNET transition at the Network Management Area open meeting, participated in the IAB open meeting, and co-chaired the IEPG meeting preceding IETF. The IEPG meeting was also attended by other Merit staff and many Network Service Cooper [Page 28] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Providers. In addition, Merit staff members participated in the Second ATM NAP Workshop, which focused on issues related to the construction and operation of ATM NAPs. The workshop also included presentations by several Network Service Providers. Jessica Yu gave a talk about the NSFNET transition and the Routing Arbiter Project at the CICNet technical board meeting. Susan R. Harris (srh@merit.edu) MIDNET ------ MIDnet Announces WWW and Gopher Servers MIDnet's World Wide Web home page, Gopher, and FTP servers were officially announced to the membership and to the Internet community in early December. Incorporated within the Web home page are links to selected MIDnet member home pages as well as links to MIDnet-developed resources. These resources provide user-friendly, transparent interfaces to multiple field searchable databases, where the user can perform searches by keyword, title, or text (separately or together) for the retrieval of information contained in popular gophers, mailing lists, listservs, or news groups. Here are the URLs for MIDnet's WWW home page, gopher services, and resources: MIDnet Home Page: http://www.mid.net MIDnet Main Gopher: gopher://gopher.mid.net Gopher Jewels: http://www.mid.net/GJEWEL Net-Happenings: http://www.mid.net/NET gopher://gopher.mid.net:7000 INFO-MAC: http://www.mid.net/INFO-MAC Diane Kovac's directory of Scholarly Electronic Conferences: http://www.mid.net/KOVACS gopher://gopher.mid.net:7002 Cooper [Page 29] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 comp.archives.msdos.announce newsgroup: http://www.mid.net/MSDOS_A MIDnet's home page also includes links to the InterNIC home page, the InterNIC InfoGuide, the National Science Foundation home page. Information on MIDnet's products and services, seminar and conference announcements (with e-mail and registration input forms), and access to the MIDnet Newsletter archives is also provided. MIDnet Completes Round of Security Seminars A series of one-day seminars focusing on Internet security, "A Practical Guide to Secure Internet Connections", was held in St. Louis, Kansas City, and Chicago in early December. Over 50 people attended each seminar, confirming the high level of interest in this topic. The seminar agenda also featured a presentation entitled "NSF Perspective on the Internet Transition". On behalf of the NSFNET Backbone Service Project, this presentation was provided in St. Louis by Elise Gerich of Merit, Inc., and in Kansas City and Chicago by David Staudt of the NSFNET. MIDnet Seminar Activities Continue In early November, a toll-free number was installed to support MIDnet's ongoing seminar and conference activities, and to support the Network Information Center in efforts to function as a clearinghouse for information and answer Internet-related questions. The number was announced to the MIDnet membership as part of the NIC's weekly e-mail to members. Information on MIDnet services can be requested by calling 1-800- 682-5550, or via e-mail to: info@mid.net NORTHWESTNET ------------ The Internet Passport: In Press and OnLine =========================================== The newest book edition of this respected Internet reference and resource guide hit the presses in December and will be shipping in mid-January. Ordering information for the book is available directly from the publishers, Prentice Hall, at 1-800-382-3419. The Internet Passport: NorthWestNet's Guide to Our World Online (5th ed.) By NorthWestNet. 1995. ISBN 0-13-194200-X. 700pp. $29.95. Cooper [Page 30] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 And, for organizations who have or plan to bring the Internet to each desktop in their organization, NorthWestNet announces its upcoming release of "The Internet Passport-HTML." Take advantage of your computer network to deliver this online interactive application to your staff. It is not only a guide to the applications and services of the Internet, but it also offers direct access to some of the most highly-valued resources online today. For details and licensing information, please contact Jan Eveleth, NorthWestNet, Director of User Services: (206) 562-3000 or eveleth@nwnet.net. NorthWestNet's Internet Training Series ======================================= The fall series of classes held at the NorthWestNet training facility came to a successful close shortly before the holidays. NorthWestNet instructors were also busy on the road as they conducted hands-on classes for the Washington State Department of Information Services and the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries at their facilities in Lacey, WA and Tumwater, WA respectively. NorthWestNet is pleased to continue the expansion of its training program with its winter/spring 1995 schedule and the inclusion of two new classes: "The Internet Walkabout" and "Internet Search Strategies." Continue below for more information. CLASSES - Winter/Spring 1995 Internet Walkabout: An Introduction to the Internet - NEW CLASS --------------------------------------------------------------- A non-technical introduction to the Internet, this 2 hour class examines the Internet from various perspectives. Learn about the Internet's growth, structure and content and the various ways of connecting to the Internet. Internet applications, such as e-mail, FTP, Gopher, Usenet and World Wide Web will be described and illustrated, with the help of on-line demonstrations. An excellent introduction to our other classes. Prerequisite: None. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. on March 15 * April 20 * May 12. Introduction to the Internet and Electronic Mail ------------------------------------------------ A non-technical overview of the Internet sets the stage for this introduction to an essential Internet tool--electronic mail. You will learn about the advantages of e-mail, how to recognize and use Cooper [Page 31] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Internet addresses, and about a variety of useful e-mail functions, such as reply, forward, save, and carbon copy. Demonstrations and hands-on exercises use the popular PINE e-mail program. Prerequisite: understanding of basic personal computer operations. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on: Jan.23 * Feb. 7 Internet Discussion Groups -------------------------- The Internet provides a number of forums for discussion of a wide range of topics. This class introduces Usenet and its newsgroups, as well as Internet mailing lists and LISTSERV lists which anybody with access to Internet e-mail can join. These discussion forums demonstrate the nature of the global community the Internet makes possible. Prerequisite: understanding of electronic mail. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on: Jan.24 * Feb. 8 * March 16 * April 21 * May 15. Internet Fundamentals: Telnet and FTP ------------------------------------- Along with e-mail, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Telnet constitute the basic set of Internet tools. Learn to use FTP to move files from one Internet computer to another. Using Telnet, you will access services on Internet computers around the world, including library catalogs, specialized databases, weather forecasts, and community services. Prerequisite: understanding of basic personal computer operations. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on: Jan. 25 * Feb. 9 * March 17 * April 24 * May 16. Navigating the Internet with Gopher and Veronica ------------------------------------------------ Gopher is a popular menu-oriented, easy to use interface to the Internet. It allows for seamless access to resources on host computers all over the world. You will learn to use Gopher and its companion utility veronica, which lets you locate specific resources in the global expanse of "gopherspace." Prerequisites: understanding of basic Internet concepts and personal computer operations. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on: Jan. 26 * Feb. 10 * March 20 * April 25 * May 17. Cooper [Page 32] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Traveling the World Wide Web ---------------------------- The fastest growing service on the Internet, the dynamic World Wide Web (WWW) "hyperlink" environment, lets you easily access text, graphics, video, and sounds from around the world. You will learn to use both Lynx, a plain text browser, and a graphical browser with multimedia capabilities. Prerequisites: understanding of basic Internet concepts and personal computer operations. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on: Jan. 27 * Feb. 13 * March 21 * April 26 * May 18. Internet Search Strategies - NEW CLASS -------------------------------------- Ever feel overwhelmed when trying to find specific information on the Internet? Attend this class to learn strategies for locating the key information you need. We'll discuss using various Internet tools such as veronica, archie, and Web spiders to track down information, as well as identifying and using subject based Internet guides on-line, such as Gopher Jewels and Yahoo. To make this seminar even more practical, you will practice searching for items covering your particular area of interest. Prerequisite: Basic understanding of electronic mail, Usenet, Gopher, and World Wide Web. This class is offered from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on March 22 * April 27 * May 19. Special Training Services ------------------------- In addition to the regularly scheduled classes, NorthWestNet also offers training sessions with the same or with customized content for groups of eight to twelve persons at NorthWestNet's offices or up to twelve persons at clients' sites. Please call for rates and scheduling. For information regarding class registration, refunds & cancellations, and overnight accommodations, connect to NorthWestNet's Gopher server: Host: gopher.nwnet.net port 3333 Menu items: NorthWestNet Information and Resources /NorthWestNet Internet Training Series URL:gopher://gopher.nwnet.net:3333/11/nwnet-info.resources/ internet.training Or, contact NorthWestNet: (206) 562-3000 or training@nwnet.net. Cooper [Page 33] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 ------------------------ NorthWestNet E-mail: info@nwnet.net 15400 SE 30th Place, Suite 202 Phone: (206) 562-3000 Bellevue, WA 98007 Fax: (206) 562-4822 NorthWestNet serves the six state region of Alaska, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, and Washington. PREPnet ------- New PREPnet Members - The Networks, York, PA - Penn Communications, Uniontown, PA - LaRoche College, Pittsburgh, PA - Apollo Trust Company, Apollo, PA - Forbes Health System, Pittsburgh, PA - LebaNet, Lebanon, PA With this addition, PREPnet now totals 213 members. PREPnet News ------------ Meetings & Conferences Date Attendee(s) Event 12/5-9 Marsha Perrott IETF 12/9-10 Tom Bajzek Mid-Atlantic Eisenhower Consortium Felicia Ferlin Mathematics and Science Education: Internet Conference For information regarding connectivity options in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, contact the PREPnet NIC: 305 S. Craig St. E-Mail: nic@prep.net 2nd Floor Telephone: (412) 268-7870 Pittsburgh, PA 15213 PREPnet NIC (nic@prep.net) Cooper [Page 34] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 SPRINT NAP PI ------------- The Sprint NAP, located in Pennsauken, NJ, is currently based on FDDI. An FDDI ring (Two Cisco concentrators) was operational on August 31. A DEC GigaSwitch, which will provide substantially more aggregate bandwidth, has been prooposed as an upgrade to the NAP to address expected traffic growth in early 1995. The Gigaswitch is currently at the NAP and discussions between Sprint and the NSF are underway. The NAP team is currently investigating possible alternatives beyond the Gigaswitch that will address continued increases in NAP traffic. The stated migration path for the Sprint NAP will lead to an ATM-based strategy. Among other advantages this is the only known way to achieve NSP to NSP connections over the NAP at rates of 150Mbps, 622Mbps and beyond. As stated at the IETF the continued emphasis at the Sprint NAP will be reliable operation. ANS and MCI have DS-3 circuits connecting to routers at the Sprint NAP. They are peering with each other and are exchanging production traffic with each other. The ANS link and T3-ENSS router were operational September 13; the MCI link and Cisco 7010 router were operational September 15. ANS and MCI began peering with each other on October 21. SprintLink began peering sessions with ANS and MCI, but did not begin exchanging traffic across the NAP pending the implementation of DS3 level connections. SprintLink completed installation of dual DS-3 circuits to the Sprint NAP in early Dec. (the links provide diverse connectivity to the SprintLink Chicago and Wash. D.C. nodes) and is expected to be exchanging traffic with other NAP NSPs by at least early Jan. CERFnet has an ATM DS3 connection to the Sprint NAP. This connection terminates at a Digital Link DL-3200 ATM DSU and a Cisco 7010 at the NAP. The CERFnet connection to the NAP was operational November 8. CERFnet and Sprint are currently testing this connection. The Routing Arbiter workstation is at the Sprint NAP also and is expected to begin production service pending implementation of the Gisgaswitch (which will allow MAC level filtering for the RA workstation.) Five additional organizations have expressed interest in connectivity to the Sprint NAP, discussions are underway. Cooper [Page 35] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 The Sprint NAP team has published a Sprint NAP Handbook which provides information needed to connect to the NAP (e.g., fees, contact phone numbers, access requirements) A copy can be obtained from the MERIT WWW server or from Tim Clifford (tcliff@sprint.net; 703-904-2723), the NAP PI. Tim Clifford (tcliff@sprint.net) UCL ---- Jon Crowcroft attended and co-chaired with Christian Huitema, the HIPPARCH workshop at INRIA, on High Performance Protocols and Architectures. Some 20 papers were presented and lively debate on Integrated Layer Processing and Application Layer Framing, as well as protocol specification and compilation to full systems. The current WWW source for information about the project is: http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/people/jon/hipparch/hipparch.html A followup workshiop will be held at UTS in association with the IFIP ULPAA Conference in December 1995. John Crowcroft (j.crowcroft@CS.UCL.AC.UK) Cooper [Page 36] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 USER SERVICES REPORT -------------------- Trip Report 19th RIPE Meeting - Lisbon, Portugal September 1994 Joyce K. Reynolds USC/Information Sciences Institute The 19th RIPE Meeting The 19th RIPE Meeting was held in September 1994 in Lisbon, Portugal. Rob Blokzijl lead the review and approval of the agenda and minutes of the last meeting. Parallel working group sessions started after the general plenaries. Approximately 75 people attended. General Plenary 1. RIPE NCC Report - Daniel Karrenberg There have been changes in personnel and workload developments since the last RIPE meeting. This has lead to a temporary curtailing of RIPE NCC services. Prioritizing of tasks has not solved the workload and personnel problems. If the problems are not resolved, there will have to be a permanent curtailment of NCC activities. Additional discussion of this topic is contained below in section 3. Daniel reported that the RIPE DNS host count has almost doubled in one year. It is projected to hit one million by the end of this year. The growth of the number of local IRs (Internet Registries) has been a real surprise. The increasing numbers of local IRs has been good and bad. The growth is much more than expected. The growth curve of local IRs seems parallel to the growth of the host curve. The new provider registries need more support and guidance from the NCC than those having a long Internet history. It is close to getting out of hand, but new registries should provide more income for the NCC. Registry workload growth is close to becoming out of control. The hostmaster alone now logs at least 30+ electronic mail messages a day, not counting phone calls and fax requests. A tendency to "rubber stamp" incoming requests is growing. This is resulting in a quality control problem. The NCC doesn't want to continue to rubber stamp requests, as mistakes tend to be made in the process. Yet, there is not enough time to support local IRs, nor is there time to adapt and produce documentation. There is NCC staff burn Cooper [Page 37] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 out, as there is much more than 100% routine duties to be performed each day. This has turned into a vicious circle. Currently, personnel concerns are of utmost importance. Geza Turchanyi's trainee period with the NCC ended July 15th, and he has returned to Hungary. Mirjam Kuhne joined 1 July 1994 as a junior administrative staff member. The current staffing level is 3.5 FTE (Full Time Equivalent). The NCC needs 5 FTEs now. The real need is somewhat higher. The core staffing situation of the NCC has not changed since the first of this year. The Routing Registry needs 1 FTE when PRIDE (Policy Based Routing Implementation and Deployment in Europe) ends. Tony Bates is leaving when the PRIDE project is completed. Unfortunately, the NCC's personnel problems have lead to a curtailment of services. This includes writing and publication of documents, and database and registry support and maintenance. Database curtailment of services include the maintenance of RIPE handles, exchanges with other regional registries, making the database classless (This work is performed by PRIDE.), and maintenance/checking of database contents. The registry services have cutdown support for local registries and coordination with other regional registries. Other services that have been curtailed include Quarterly Reports (the last one was published January 1994), technical development activities, and special projects. What to do? Daniel explained that the core budget will need to double. Currently, there is 250,000 ECUs available. The need is 500,000 ECUs. There needs to be action as soon as possible. The RIPE NCC will not be able to hire additional personnel unless they obtain funding. Setting up a charging scheme has not been an easy task. The RIPE NCC needs at least one more engineer as soon as possible. Otherwise, they will definately curtail services. A decision on this is needed quickly. Funding and RARE payroll exposure is a problem. Also, there needs to be one additional engineer to maintain the Routing Registry. The PRIDE project will end in October 1994. There is a need to continue to maintain the registry content, database, and tool maintenance. So far, there have been no new developments and a decision on this is needed. Another engineer will be need to be hired in 1995 because of continued growth. Daniel's conclusions are that the RIPE NCC core services need additional staff immediately. Additional funding for the needed staff resources must be secured. Service providers need to decide whether they want the Routing Registry maintained. Quality staff needs to be found. Cooper [Page 38] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 2. Policy Based Routing Implementation and Deployment in Europe (PRIDE) - Tony Bates The PRIDE project is ending in October 1994. There have been several minor releases since the last meeting. PRIDE-TOOLS-1.0.7 is the current release which includes: "prpath" AS-MACRO support a "mazpand" tool which will expand macros for you lots of bug fixes For more information see: ftp://ftp.ripe.net/pride/tools/pride.tools.ps.tar.Z The PRIDE guide has been completed. It is at ftp.ripe.net/pride/docs/guide-1.0.ps.tar.Z PRIDE's second guide will depend upon RIPE-81++ developments. There has been a large amount of effort put into the development of RIPE-81++. The new plan incorporates many database issues, authorizations and a transition plan. RIPE is working with other registry providers, also. PRIDE's first course was given in Amsterdam last May and was considered useful. A report is available on ftp.ripe.net/pride/report/pride-report4.ps More courses are planned in October in Vienna, London, and Pisa. PRIDE has been reasonably busy. Database maintenance is the most work. 3. RIPE Reorganization - Rob Blokzijl Rob announced the intent of RIPE separating from RARE*. He has been researching this subject since the beginning of summer. Currently, RARE underwrites the RIPE NCC based on a 1984 funding level. A more formal management should be created. RARE should take the initiative to establish a lightweight management structure, partners, etc. A RARE meeting will be held on 21 September in Amsterdam. Those organizations that are interested in providing/taking part in funding issues should attend, or send a letter of intent to fund the RIPE NCC to RARE. Rob feels at this point in time that the RIPE NCC should be on its own feet. The creation of a European company called the RIPE NCC is being seriously investigated. He looked into this over the summer. It will cost money to do accomplish this endeavor. A Cooper [Page 39] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 legal structure needs to be created. EUnet has supplied some legal assistance, including providing funding to help with the legal transition procedures. There has also been help from the EBONE folks, who have already gone through this excercise. Rob encouraged all attendees to go to their local legal representatives for advice as each RIPE member nation has its own set of laws. Rob pointed out that the EEG (European Economic Group) is a lightweight management group. This group is an example of what RIPE should be looking at during the restructuring process. This separation from RARE will result in RIPE becoming an impartial and independent entity. It will enable the RIPE NCC to do more of its own management, business plan, etc. The current situation is different then the proposed end result. What about the legal implications and the RIPE NCC? Rob stated that as a company, the RIPE NCC cannot be based on one national law, as RIPE members come from different countries. What is the impact on the RIPE budget? This kind of proposed financial network can provide for a set of members to assist in the funding, not just a subset of RARE funding. RIPE itself as an organization will be in for a change as well. The RIPE restructuring and reorganization will need to find out how this will reflect legally in various countries first. A major concern is that RIPE and the RIPE NCC have been operating on a low overhead. Members of RIPE have been sending money to RARE to fund RIPE. This is not working any more. The problem is not whether this is bad or not, it is one of a formal relationship with someone. Need to set up the following: 1) Find out legal implications of RIPE restructuring and reorganization. 2) set up a company and a charging scheme A question and answer session followed. 1) What is the best way to do this? 2) Are there any other possibilities? 3) Are thre any other formal ways without forming a company? 4) There are concerns about creating something new that may be a waste of resources. Cooper [Page 40] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Rob stated that commercial service providers are making noises that they cannot justify putting money into the RIPE NCC unless a more formal structure is developed. An effort needs to be made to investigate this. Additional research needs to be completed by the next RIPE meeting, if RIPE attendees want to do this. *NOTE: As of October 1994, RARE and EARN have merged to form TERENA (Trans-European Research and Education Network Association). 4. RIPE Meeting Structure Daniel expressed his likes/dislikes about the current RIPE meeting agenda. He feels that there are too many meetings (three times a year) and that they are too long in duration. There are also too many overlaps with the working groups that meet. What exactly do we have the RIPE meetings for? What do the RIPE attendees want? The response from the group is that they would like formal presentation plenaries, reports on current RIPE documentation, and information disemmination. All felt that the working groups are actually doing some work and accomplishing goals. An idea was presented to shorten the agenda to two days. Day 1 - start in the afternoon, with presentations and reports from working groups. Day 2 - technical decisions (not managerial) from previous day or between meetings "Day 0" extension is working group meeting time. It is proposed that this be an outside agenda of the RIPE meetings, either before or after meetings in conjunction with RIPE meetings and in between meetings of RIPE. It would be up to the working groups to create their meetings, work via an agenda, then report. What about going to just two meetings a year? It was voiced that RIPE should try the new agenda structure first. 5. European Operators Forum (EOF) Rob stated that RIPE's Network Operations working group was discontinued after EBONE came to life. The EBONE Action Team did not survive the latest EBONE restructuring. The European IEPG (Internet Engingeerig Planning Group) did not take off earlier this year as planned. A new forum was created for network operations, which focussed on common engineering and operations. The acting chair is Peter Lothberg. What do they do? What are they planning? This group is not a Pan-European organization. It Cooper [Page 41] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 has agreed to work with RIPE. Peter gave a presentation on EOF. EOF is to be a forum focussed on the daily operation and coordination running of IP networks in Europe. If all goes well, it can expand on a global scope. The first EOF meeting was in Amsterdam. The second meeting was in Paris. The third meeting was held before the RIPE meeting in Lisbon, with 32 attendees. EOF has started discussing interconnection agreements, defining strawman proposals on how new people can connect, change points, routing problems, CIDR issues, and mae-east++ (or upgrade). The primary focus of this group is to keep IP Europe communicating with each other. Their mailing list is eware-list@ripe.net. The Lisbon EOF meeting agenda included traffic and routing exchange arrangements between network service providers, CIDR routes, how to do routing over exchange points without causing global problems, and development of an EOF charter as a RIPE oriented working group. The next EOF meeting will be in November in the UK. Routing Working Group Session RIPE-81++ document overview Read the following draft document: URL ftp://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/drafts/ripe-81++.{txt,ps} - only changes not a tutorial of RIPE-81++ - basic agreed changes - major changes - the component attribute The component attribute idea is drawn around CIDR. Comments are it is too difficult to understand and too difficult to maintain. A "withdrawn" attribute is an aid in CIDR when a more specific route is withdrawn. "Hole" attribute indicates parts of address space where there is no connectivity. Clarification of evaluation of operations. Clarifies the association and semantics of operators. The "as-name" attribute is a new cloud. It needs to be optimal for transition. "interas-in and interas-out" are the outstanding issues. The above are the major changes to the RIPE-81++ document since the last draft. Closure needs to be made at this meeting on the RIPE- 81++ working paper. Cooper [Page 42] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 "intras-in" and "intras-out" Link 1 / \ / \ / \ 193.0.1.1 193.0.1.2 +-------+ +-------+ | AS2 | | AS3 | +-------+ +-------+ 193.0.1.9 193.0.1.10 \ / \ / \ / Link 2 RIPE-81++ changes are used to distinguish local from global AS-AS policy. The basic idea being syntax fist. Need to identify the link of peer session somehow. There are three issues: - "localas" - "ifaddr" - "masks" Should and be "mandatory" or "optional"? The reasons for "mandatory" is that one should know both ends of the peer session useful for tools. The reasons for "optional" is that people don't know remote-id or won't update. interas-in (praf=cost) or (praf-med) interas-out (metric-out=metric-value) = If interas-in and interas-out attributes are used, then it is mandatory to have "as-in" and "as-out" attributes registered. Reasons for: the global policy on this is that it should always be registers. Only ASs are concerned about his local information and should be seen purely as local and not general policy. There is a need to be able to specify more than just a cost as in "as-in" and "as-out". Reasons against: duplication (possible discrepancies). It is not clear if as-in, as-out represents policy. The route object question still has not been resolved. An "inet-ir" object is a simple object to describe an "internet" router. The Cooper [Page 43] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 motivation is that it aids in building configuration and added information. - "localas" - describes where an AS router resides in - "ifaddr" - list of all interface addresses - adding "masks" - "peer" - details all (interior [optional] and exterior peerings), format - Routing protocol - EGP, BGP, BGP4, IBGP4, IDRP, IGP or other BGP4 distinctions for CIDR - "localas" for "faking" AS announcements A suggestion was made to publish this document as a RIPE document first, and obtain feedback. Also submit the document to the RFC Editor requesting it be published as an Informational RFC in order to obtain further comments. Database Working Group Session - Marten Tempstra This working group focussed on a discussion of the RIPE Database Transition Plan. The RIPE database is no longer one big file. Now, every object type has its own file. The database index is in place. Authorization access is in place including additional options on template mode, type selections, fastnraw, non-recursive, no RIPE-81++ syntacial sugar, etc. A short review followed on the Database Working Group's current set of documents. 1. RIPE Database Authorization Aspects Report - Daniel Karrenberg Daniel reported that notification and authorization is fully operational. All current objects in the RIPE Database are valid. The first item for objects is to put attributes in them that point to maintainer object. Notifications are easier with this maintainer object. The name must be unique, with the usual set of contact persons. The object itself will be maintained by the RIPE NCC, also. Notification will also happen if the object itself is changed from time to time. Stronger authentication is in place. Any update of this object must now be preceded by a line of the form. Multiple authentication methods can be used in the same maintainer object. The Routing Registry is the guardian of the communities and therefore ASs are notified of any creation, update or deletions of any "route" referencing them. The maintainer of ":all routes" notified of another instance of exactly the same Cooper [Page 44] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 (prefix/length) route has been added. Connectivity Working Group Session - Milan Sterba 1. CEENET A CEENET (Central East European Net) update was presented by Jan Gunograd. CEENET started in 1991 in four countries: Czech Republic/Solvakia, Poland, Hungary, and Romania. Its membership now includes twelve countries. There will be a meeting in October 1994 for CEENET to talk about future financing. The key issue is the financial support from the EC (European Community) and a call for management of the project. 2. DFN/EUNET/DANTE Report - No technical activity has started up yet. Milan asked if there was an attendee who could provide the group a DANTE report regarding their efforts in the Central European area. There was not a representative available at this session. However, there seems to be some evidence that DANTE is working on an extension of a higher speed background for Central Europe and also, for all of Europe. 3. Regional Updates Report Milan asked the working group attendees if there were any major changes or events since the last RIPE meeting in their respective countries. He stated that he would especially like to know about newly connected countries. Bulgaria No representative present to report. Czech Republic Jan reported that the link that was established for the INET Conference in Prague last June is still in place. He hopes it will stay until the CEENET October meeting in Budapest. No more contract or details have been made. There is also a 128kps line in Vienna-Prague on the EBONE. The Czech Republic connection has significantly improved sine the last RIPE meeting. Hungary Some new cities have connected to IPnet internally in Hungary. Other major cities will be connected in the next two months. Four 64kps lines from Vienna's EBONE are connected to interfaces on Europanet Bone. Hungary has asked for an upgrade Cooper [Page 45] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 to 256kps lines from the Vienna EBONE. It has been agreed that two lines of the current four 64kps lines will be upgraded to 256kps. DANTE Europanet has also approved of this upgrade. It has been confirmed that EBONE connectivity will be included in the upgrade. Baltic States Estonia - 128kps line to Helsinki, 128kps line to Stockholm Latvia - 65kps lines going to Helsinki and Germany Lithuania - 64kps line to Oslo The Baltnet program was established by the Scandinavians. Capacity will double by this time next year. Slovakia Last April/May two lines were upgraded to 64kps from Prague. One of the lines is covered by a new budget. Russia There are two lines available, one in Prague (64kps) and one in Vienna. There is a Russia connection via a "radio-msu" satellite/microwave based at Moscow State University. There are other plans to connect additional sites in Moscow. These are still under discussion, so there will not be just one line. There was a question if any of the other Russian states will be included, and the answer was yes, but it has not been fully confirmed. +------+ +---------+ | DESY | 256kps line | NPI/MSU | | (GR) |----------------------| | +------+ +---------+ | | | 64kps satellite | (in operation since last | Thursday) | | | | Armenia | Yerphl Cooper [Page 46] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Rob presented the above diagram and led a discussion about the currrent connectivity in Russia. He mentioned that initally, there was was a problem with the power supply in Yerphl. The power was 43 Hertz! Since its initial setup, Yerphl's power has been upgraded. The Armenia Foundation funded the upgrade and the line. Rob reported on the new developments in the Moscow area. A new proposal has just been announced that describes a Moscow metropolitan network with a 2Mb line, with a 28kps line to downtown Moscow. The idea is to connect the Science Institute all together and to have external links. The termination point will be Moscow State University, using the same satellite NSK. Funding is being provided by the International Science Foundation (ISF), the Soros Foundation and the Department of Energy of the United States. A NASA/ESNET link will also be included. These agreements are verbally in place, but it's hard to write them down. Rob stressed that the point is as long as the agreements work between all parties concerned, they are okay. The last time around, there was a deadlock with fiber optic connectivity. It is still deadlocked. There are plans to install a 64kps line between Kiev and Potsdam. Poland, Romania, and Slovania Reports No representatives were present to report. 4. CDS Update - the Connectivity Document - Milan Sterba Milan requested that the attendees send a CDS sheet describing their network to . He felt that they should make their information known since they are information providers. Milan said that up until now, there are very few entries. Entries include Bulgaria, the Czech Repulbic, DANTE, France, Poland, and Slovakia. Milan would like to see it more populated. There is a need for additional submissions. 5. CEE Discussion Discussion of the stagnation of CEE (Central East European) networking. Milan stated that he might be mistaken, but checked some figures. Currently, he sees three groups of countries/classes: 1) Stable growth - most countries fit into this (Ukraine, Russia, Slovenia, Romania, Lativa, Hungary) Cooper [Page 47] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 2) Astronomical growth - new countries with rapid growth (Bulgaria, Lithuania) 3) Plateau growth - some networks reaching a plateau, not "stagnation", per se (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia) The Future of the RIPE Connectivity Working Group Milan requested feedback on the mission and future of this working group. General consensus is that this group is still extremely useful, even with the new RIPE program. General Plenary During the last day of the RIPE meetings, there was an announcement of a new NCC Activity - Routing Registry Maintenance. Its intent is to: - encourage and support service provides to use the routing registry - actively find gaps in covers, courses, reports, etc. - maintain PRIDE tools - coordinate with other routing registries - identify and propose needed extensions Cooper [Page 48] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 CALENDAR -------- Last update 1/9/95 The information below has been submitted to the IETF Secretariat as a means of notifying readers of future events. Readers are requested to send in dates of events that are appropriate for this calendar section. Please send submissions, corrections, etc., to: Please note: The Secretariat does not maintain on-line information for the events listed below. FYI - New Dates for U.S. APPC/APPN (AATC) Technical Conf. moved from July to May 1995. - New Dates for ULPAA 1995, was Dec. 4-8, 1995 NOW Dec. 11-15, 1995 ************************************************************************ 1995 --------- Jan. 8-11 BROADBAND '95 Workshop Tucson, AZ Jan. 16-20 USENIX New Orleans, LA Feb. 5-10 ATM Forum San Francisco, CA Feb. 5-11 IS&T/SPIE Symposium on Electronic Imaging San Jose, CA Feb. 6-10 ANSI X3T11 St. Petersburg Bch, FL Feb. 16-17 ISOC Symposium on Ntwk & Distribruted System Security San Diego, CA Feb. 20 Int'l Internet OGs Meetings San Diego Feb. 20-24 UniForum Dallas CC, Dallas, TX Feb. 21-22 Int'l Internet Ops Conference San Diego Feb. 22-24 ICODP '95 Brisbane Feb. 26-Mar. 3 SHARE (IBM) Los Angeles, CA Mar. 6-10 IEEE 802 Plenary (Firm) West Palm Beach, FL Mar. 6-10 SNMP Test Summit III Mar. 13-17 OIW (Firm) Mar. 13-24 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC6 Tokyo, JP Mar. 16-19 3rd Intntl Telecom. Systems Modelling & Analysis Nashville, TN Mar. 27-31 NetWorld+Interop Las Vegas, NV Mar. 28-31 Seybold Seminars Boston, MA Apr. 2-6 IEEE Infocom '95 Boston, MA Apr. 3-7 ANSI X3T11 Monterey, CA Apr. 3-7 32nd IETF (Definite) Danvers, MA Apr. 4-5 Federal Networking Council Cooper [Page 49] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Advisory Committee Arlington, VA Apr. 9-14 ATM Forum Denver, CO Apr. 17-21 Email World (Firm) Santa Clara, CA Apr. 19-21 5th Network & Operating System Support (NOSSADV) Workshop Boston, MA Apr. 24-25 IFIP TC6 Wkshp Personal Wireless Commun. Prague, Czech Republic May 1-5 Fourth IFIP/IEEE Intl Symp. on Integrated Ntwk Mgt ISINM95 Santa Barbara, CA May 15-19 Joint European Ntwkg Conf. Tel Aviv, Israel May 18-19 RARE Council of Admin. Tel Aviv, Israel May 22-25 APPC/APPN Tech. Conf. (AATC) Chicago, IL May 28-Jun. 2 NetWorld+Interop '95 Frankfurt, Germany Jun. ATM Forum Europe Jun. 5-7 Digital World Los Angeles, CA Jun. 5-9 ANSI X3T11 Rochester, MN Jun. 12-16 OIW (Firm) Jun. 13-16 IFIP WG6.1 PSTV-XV Warsaw Jun. 16-17 CCIRN Singapore Jun. 18-22 ICC '95 Seattle, WA Jun. 18-24 ISOC Developing Country Wkshp Hawaii Jun. 25-27 ISOC K-12 Workshop Hawaii Jun. 26-27 ISOC Trustees & Council Hawaii Jun. 28-30 INET '95 Hawaii Jul. 4 Independence Day Jul. 10-13 IEEE 802 Plenary (Firm) Maui, HI JULY 14 BASTILLE DAY Jul. 17-21 33rd IETF Stockholm, Sweden Jul. 17-21 NetWorld+Interop Tokyo, Japan Jul. 17-Aug. 3 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21 Ottawa, Ontario Aug. 6-11 ATM Forum Toronto, CA Aug. 7-11 ANSI X3T11 (Tentative) Denver area Aug. 14-18 ANSI X3T11 (Tentative) Denver area Aug. 29-Sep. 1 Windows Solutions San Fran. San Francisco, CA Aug. 30-Sep. 1 ACM SIGCOMM '95 Cambridge, MA SEPTEMBER Windows Solutions Paris Paris, France Sep. 25-29 7th SDL Forum Oslo, Sweden FALL 1995 Seybold Europe Sep. 4-6 8th IFIP WG6.1 Intntl Wkshp on Protocol Test Systems Every, France Sep. 4-7 APPC/APPN Tech. Conf. (AATC) London, England Sep. 11-15 6th IFIP High Performance Palma de Mallorco, Networking, HPN'95 SPAIN Sep. 11-15 OIW (Firm) Sep. 25-29 NetWorld+Interop Atlanta, GA Sep. 26-29 Seybold San Francisco San Francisco, CA Oct. 1-6 ATM Forum Honolulu, HI Oct. 2-6 ANSI X3T11 Toronto, Ontario, CA Cooper [Page 50] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Oct. 3-11 Telecom '95 Geneva, Switzerland Oct. 10-11 ANSI X3T11 Oct. 16-19 APPC/APPN Tech. Conf. (AATC) Sydney, Australia Oct. 17-20 IFIP WG6.1 FORTE '95 Montreal, Quebec Nov. 6-9 IEEE 802 Plenary (Firm) Montreal, Quebec Nov. 6-10 NetWorld+Interop Paris, France Nov. 7-10 ICNP '95 Tokyo, Japan Nov. 13-17 GLOBECOM '95 Singapore Nov. 27-Dec. 1 Email World (Definite) Boston, MA Nov. 27-Dec. 1 Windows Solutions Germany Frankfurt, Germany Dec. 3-6 ACM SIGOPS Dec. 4-8 OIW (Firm) Dec. 4-8 34th IETF Dallas, TX Dec. 4-8 ANSI X3T11 (Possible) San Diego, CA Dec. 4-8 Supercomputing '95 (Firm) San Diego, CA Dec. 4-8 Windows Solutions Tokyo Tokyo, Japan Dec. 4-8 X/Open Security Dec. 10-15 ATM Forum Orlando, FL Dec. 11-15 11th Comp. Sec. Applications New Orleans, LO Dec. 11-15 ULPAA (upper layers) Sydney, AU 1996 ----------- Feb. 5-9 ANSI X3T11 Mar. 11-14 UniForum San Francisco, CA Mar. 11-15 35th IETF (Under Consideration) Mar. 18-22 35th IETF (Under Consideration) Mar. 18-22 OIW (Firm) Apr. 8-13 ANSI X3T11 (Tentative) Irvine, CA Apr. 15-19 ANSI X3T11 (Tentative) Irvine, CA May. 13-29 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 21 WGs and Plenary (Firm) Kansas City, MO Jun. 10-14 OIW (Firm) Jun. 10-14 ANSI X3T11 Jun. 24-27 ICC '96 Dallas, TX Jul. 8-12 36th IETF (Under Consideration) Jul. 22-26 36th IETF (Under Consideration) Jul. 29-Aug. 2 36th IETF (Under Consideration) Aug. 5-9 ANSI X3T11 Sep. 2-6 14th IFIP Conf. Canberra, AU Sep. 9-13 OIW (Firm) Sep. 24-27 IFIP WG6.1 w/FORTE/PSTV (Under Consideration) Oct. 7-11 ANSI X3T11 St. Petersburg Bch, FL Nov. 11-15 37th IETF (Under Consideration) Nov. 18-22 37th IETF (Under Consideration) Nov. 18-22 Supercomputing '96 (Firm) Pittsburgh, PA Dec. 2-6 ANSI X3T11 Cooper [Page 51] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 Dec. 9-13 OIW (Firm) 1997 ----------- Mar. 10-13 UniForum San Francisco, CA Mar. 10-14 OIW (Firm) Jun. 8-12 ICC '97 Montreal Jun. 9-13 OIW (Firm) Sep. 8-12 OIW (Firm) Dec. 8-12 OIW (Firm) 1998 ----------- Aug. 23-29 15th IFIP World. Com. Conf. Vienna, Austria and Budapest, Hungary --------- Via ftp: /ietf/1events.calendar.imr.txt on ietf shadow directories Via gopher: "Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) / IETF Meetings / Scheduling Calendar" on ietf.cnri.reston.va.us ********************************************************************** Cooper [Page 52] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 TERENA CALENDAR Ref. TSec(95)001 January 1995 This list of meetings is provided for information. Many of the meetings are closed or by invitation; if in doubt, please contact the chair of the meeting or the TERENA Secretariat. If you have additions/corrections/comments, please mail . MEETING/DATE LOCATION ============ ======== TERENA Executive Committee -------------------------- TERENA General Assembly ----------------------- GA3 18/19 May Tel Aviv TERENA Working Groups --------------------- STAMPEDE Meeting 11 January London JENC6 Programme Committee ------------------------- 12-13 January Tel Aviv European Commission Workshop ------------------- 16 February Brussels RIPE ---- 25-27 January Amsterdam (NIKHEF, WCW) 12-14 April Berlin PRIDE COURSES ------------- Cooper [Page 53] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 VARIOUS ------- DANTE BoD --------- 9 January Munich EUROPEAN OPERATORS FORUM 25 January Amsterdam EBONE Consortium of Contributing Organisations 26 April TBD EBONE Management Committee 26 January Amsterdam EOT (Ebone Operations Team) 28 March TBD CCIRN 16/17 June Singapore IETF 3-7 April Danvers, Massachusetts 17-21 July Stockholm, Sweden 4-8 December Dallas Texas, USA EWOS ---- Technical Assembly 28/2-1/3 Brussels 16/17 May Brussels 19/20 September Brussels 12/13 December Brussels Steering Committee 14 March Brussels 6 June Brussels 26 September Brussels 19 December Brussels Cooper [Page 54] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 ETSI ---- General Assembly 30/31 March Nice, France 5/6 December Nice, France Technical Assembly 27-29 March Nice, France 7-9 November Nice, France CONFERENCES ******************************************************************* JENC6 - 6th Joint European Networking Conference 15-18 May 1995 in Tel Aviv, Israel To be added to the conference email distribution list, send a message to . For information, email . To submit a paper, email NETWORK SERVICES CONFERENCE 95 Autumn 1995 (tbc) JENC7 - 7th Joint European Networking Conference 13-16 May 1996 in Budapest, Hungary ******************************************************************* OTHER CONFERENCES nb. For some of the following events, full text information is available from the TERENA Document Store under the directory calendar, in which case the file name is specified under the information presented below. The files may be retrieved via: anonymous FTP: ftp.terena.nl Email: server@terena.nl Gopher: gopher.terena.nl Cooper [Page 55] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 MASCOT95 Advance Program International Workshop on: Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunications Systems --------------------------------------------- 18-20 January Omni Durham Hotel & Durham Civic Center Durham, North Carloina, USA for registration and info., IS&T/SPIE SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTRONIC IMAGING ----------------------------------------- from 5-11 February San Jose Convention Center, San Jose, California USA -> Multimedia Computing and Networking 1995 -> Digital Video Compression: Algorithms & Technologies 1995 Tel.(206)676 3290 - Fax.(206)647 1445 MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING & NETWORKING --------------------------------- from 6-8 February San Jose Convention Center, San Jose, California USA for registration and info, email DIGITAL VIDEO COMPRESSION: ALGORITHMS & TECHNOLOGIES ---------------------------------------------------- from 7-10 February San Jose Convention Center, San Jose, California USA for registration and info, email TEDIS - EDITT / EDI TRUSTED THIRD PARTIES WORKSHOP -------------------------------------------------- from 8-10 February (tutorials on 7 February) University Polytechnics Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Subjects: certification and registration, legal and audit aspects of EDI. Sponsor: the Commission of the European Union (TEDIS Programme) Programme Committee Chairman: Manuel Medina email Cooper [Page 56] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 EEMA Integrating the Air Transport Industry through Messaging -------------------------------------------------------- 14-16 February Cavalieri Hilton, Rome, Italy registration and info., tel: +44 386 793 028. fax: +44 386 793 268 INTERNET SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM ON NETWORK AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM SECURITY ----------------------------------------------------- 16-17 February Catamaran Hotel, San Diego, California USA Deadline for submission of papers is 15 August 1994. For further information, email David Balenson JANET WORKSHOP 23 ----------------- from 28-30 March at the University of Leicester in England Deadline for proposals 13 January Deadline for abstracts + authors' biography 17 February. Email FIRST AUSTRALIAN WWW CONFERENCE / AusWeb95 ------------------------------------------ from 29 April - 2 May Ballina Beach Resort, Ballina, Far North Coast of New South Wales, Australia Abstracts for full papers due on 23 January Registration http://www.scu.edu.au/ausweb95/ For further information, email THIRD ANNUAL RURAL DATAFICATION CONFERENCE ------------------------------------------ 22-24 May Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation) Deadline for submission of papers is 15 January . Submit to Cooper [Page 57] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 INET 95 ------- 28-30 June in Honolulu, Hawaii Extended abstracts for papers to be submitted by 13 January to Programme Committee Internet Society Secretariat 1995 INTERNET SOCIETY WORKSHOP ON NETWORK TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ----------------------------------------- 18-24 June Manoa Campus, University of Hawaii, Honolulu Apply preferably before 15 January . Further information from or contact George Sadowksy Tel.+1 212 998 3040, fax.+1 212 995 4120. 95 FIRST Conference/Workshop ---------------------------- The Forum of Incident Handling and Security Teams (FIRST) will hold its annual conference from: 18-22 September University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany Abstracts due by 1 April For info. contact Christoph Fischer tel: +49 721 37 64 22 fax: +49 721 32 550 1995 IFIP International Working Conference on User Layer Protocols, Architectures and Applications (ULPAA) --------------------------------------------------------------- 11-15 December in Sydney, Australia Deadline for submission of papers by 15 May For further info-> http:/www.ee.uts.edu.au/ifip/ULPAA95.html INTERNATIONAL ZURICH SEMINAR ON DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS 1996 ----------------------------------------------------------- Broadband Communiations: Networks, Services, Applications, Future Directions 19-23 February 1996 Swiss Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland Deadline for submission of papers is 15 May 1995 For further information, email Prof. Dr. Bernhard Plattner Cooper [Page 58] Internet Monthly Report December 1994 , fax.+41 1 632 1035 Call for Papers on TERENA Document Server under rare/information/calendar. The file is called izs96-cfp.txt. ================== updated 06.01.1995 ================== Madeleine Oberholzer TERENA Secretary Trans-European Research and Education Networking Association TERENA - Established by merger of RARE and EARN TERENA Secretariat Singel 466 - 468 NL - 1017 AW AMSTERDAM Voice : + 31 20 639 11 31 Fax : + 31 20 639 32 89 Email : secretariat@terena.nl - for general matters bookkeeping@terena.nl - for financial matters Cooper [Page 59] Presently we were in a very dark road, and at a point where it dropped suddenly between steep sides we halted in black shadow. A gleam of pale sand, a whisper of deep flowing waters, and a farther glimmer of more sands beyond them challenged our advance. We had come to a "grapevine ferry." The scow was on the other side, the water too shoal for the horses to swim, and the bottom, most likely, quicksand. Out of the blackness of the opposite shore came a soft, high-pitched, quavering, long-drawn, smothered moan of woe, the call of that snivelling little sinner the screech-owl. Ferry murmured to me to answer it and I sent the same faint horror-stricken tremolo back. Again it came to us, from not farther than one might toss his cap, and I followed Ferry down to the water's edge. The grapevine guy swayed at our side, we heard the scow slide from the sands, and in a few moments, moved by two videttes, it touched our shore. Soon we were across, the two videttes riding with us, and beyond a sharp rise, in an old opening made by the swoop of a hurricane, we entered the silent unlighted bivouac of Ferry's scouts. Ferry got down and sat on the earth talking with Quinn, while the sergeants quietly roused the sleepers to horse. Plotinus is driven by this perplexity to reconsider the whole theory of Matter.477 He takes Aristotle¡¯s doctrine as the groundwork of his investigation. According to this, all existence is divided into Matter and Form. What we know of things¡ªin other words, the sum of their differential characteristics¡ªis their Form. Take away this, and the unknowable residuum is their Matter. Again, Matter is the vague indeterminate something out of which particular Forms are developed. The two are related as Possibility to Actuality, as the more generic to the more specific substance through every grade of classification and composition. Thus there are two Matters, the one sensible and the other intelligible. The former constitutes the common substratum of bodies, the other the common element of ideas.478 The general distinction between Matter and Form was originally suggested to Aristotle by Plato¡¯s remarks on the same subject; but he differs325 from his master in two important particulars. Plato, in his Timaeus, seems to identify Matter with space.479 So far, it is a much more positive conception than the ?λη of the Metaphysics. On the other hand, he constantly opposes it to reality as something non-existent; and he at least implies that it is opposed to absolute good as a principle of absolute evil.480 Thus while the Aristotelian world is formed by the development of Power into Actuality, the Platonic world is composed by the union of Being and not-Being, of the Same and the Different, of the One and the Many, of the Limit and the Unlimited, of Good and Evil, in varying proportions with each other. The Lawton woman had heard of an officer's family at Grant, which was in need of a cook, and had gone there. [See larger version] On the 8th of July an extraordinary Privy Council was summoned. All the members, of whatever party, were desired to attend, and many were the speculations as to the object of their meeting. The general notion was that it involved the continuing or the ending of the war. It turned out to be for the announcement of the king's intended marriage. The lady selected was Charlotte, the second sister of the Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Apart from the narrowness of her education, the young princess had a considerable amount of amiability, good sense, and domestic taste. These she shared with her intended husband, and whilst they made the royal couple always retiring, at the same time they caused them to give, during their lives, a moral air to their court. On the 8th of September Charlotte arrived at St. James's, and that afternoon the marriage took place, the ceremony being performed by the Archbishop of Canterbury. On the 22nd the coronation took place with the greatest splendour. Mother and girls were inconsolable, for each had something that they were sure "Si would like," and would "do him good," but they knew Josiah Klegg, Sr., well enough to understand what was the condition when he had once made up his mind. CHAPTER V. THE YOUNG RECRUITS Si proceeded to deftly construct a litter out of the two guns, with some sticks that he cut with a knife, and bound with pawpaw strips. His voice had sunk very low, almost to sweetness. A soft flurry of pink went over her face, and her eyelids drooped. Then suddenly she braced herself, pulled herself taut, grew combative again, though her voice shook. HoME²Ô¾®Ïè̫ʲôÐÇ×ù ENTER NUMBET 0016jrfcpo.com.cn
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